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Parental Reports on Children's Language Development: Validation of the Slovenian CDI-III

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Title: Parental Reports on Children's Language Development: Validation of the Slovenian CDI-III
Language: English
Authors: Barbara Penko (ORCID 0009-0006-1245-8520), Jerneja Novšak Brce (ORCID 0009-0006-0864-1410), Damjana Kogovšek (ORCID 0000-0002-1014-6789), Jelena Kuvač Kraljević (ORCID 0000-0003-1452-0851)
Source: First Language. 2026 46(3):373-392.
Availability: SAGE Publications. 2455 Teller Road, Thousand Oaks, CA 91320. Tel: 800-818-7243; Tel: 805-499-9774; Fax: 800-583-2665; e-mail: journals@sagepub.com; Web site: https://sagepub.com
Peer Reviewed: Y
Page Count: 20
Publication Date: 2026
Document Type: Journal Articles
Reports - Research
Descriptors: Slavic Languages, Language Skills, Measures (Individuals), Language Acquisition, Parents, Preschool Children, Language Impairments, Test Validity, Age Differences, Gender Differences, Parent Background, Educational Attainment, Mothers, Siblings, Foreign Countries
Geographic Terms: Slovenia
Assessment and Survey Identifiers: MacArthur Bates Communicative Development Inventories, Reynell Developmental Language Scales
DOI: 10.1177/01427237251393748
ISSN: 0142-7237
1740-2344
Abstract: Parental reports have been shown to be an informative, cost-effective, and non-invasive method of assessing children's early communicative and language development (up to the age of 3 years). However, less is known about their applicability in older preschool children after the age of three. The main aim of this study was to present the validation process of the Slovenian version of the "Communicative Development Inventories" (CDI-III), which is based on the Swedish and Croatian versions. The study was conducted on a sample of 337 parents whose children were aged between 2;6 and 4;0. The results indicate a significant intercorrelation between all subsections of the scale and a clear trend of progress related to age. Among the demographic factors, mother's education was found to have a significant influence on children's scores on the Grammar and Metalinguistic Awareness subscales. Gender and the presence of siblings did not appear to be a significant factor. In addition, scores on the language subscales (Vocabulary, Grammar, Metalinguistic Awareness) correlated significantly with scores in the Comprehension and Production Scales of the "New Reynell Developmental Language Scale." The study confirms that the Slovenian version of the CDI-III is a valid and psychometrically suitable instrument for further research into language development in Slovenian.
Abstractor: As Provided
Entry Date: 2026
Accession Number: EJ1507767
Database: ERIC
FullText Text:
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PubType: Academic Journal
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  Data: Parental Reports on Children's Language Development: Validation of the Slovenian CDI-III
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  Data: English
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Barbara+Penko%22">Barbara Penko</searchLink> (ORCID <externalLink term="https://orcid.org/0009-0006-1245-8520">0009-0006-1245-8520</externalLink>)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Jerneja+Novšak+Brce%22">Jerneja Novšak Brce</searchLink> (ORCID <externalLink term="https://orcid.org/0009-0006-0864-1410">0009-0006-0864-1410</externalLink>)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Damjana+Kogovšek%22">Damjana Kogovšek</searchLink> (ORCID <externalLink term="https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1014-6789">0000-0002-1014-6789</externalLink>)<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Jelena+Kuvač+Kraljević%22">Jelena Kuvač Kraljević</searchLink> (ORCID <externalLink term="https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1452-0851">0000-0003-1452-0851</externalLink>)
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="SO" term="%22First+Language%22"><i>First Language</i></searchLink>. 2026 46(3):373-392.
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  Data: SAGE Publications. 2455 Teller Road, Thousand Oaks, CA 91320. Tel: 800-818-7243; Tel: 805-499-9774; Fax: 800-583-2665; e-mail: journals@sagepub.com; Web site: https://sagepub.com
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  Data: Y
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  Data: 20
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  Data: 2026
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  Data: Journal Articles<br />Reports - Research
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Slavic+Languages%22">Slavic Languages</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Language+Skills%22">Language Skills</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Measures+%28Individuals%29%22">Measures (Individuals)</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Language+Acquisition%22">Language Acquisition</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Parents%22">Parents</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Preschool+Children%22">Preschool Children</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Language+Impairments%22">Language Impairments</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Test+Validity%22">Test Validity</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Age+Differences%22">Age Differences</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Gender+Differences%22">Gender Differences</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Parent+Background%22">Parent Background</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Educational+Attainment%22">Educational Attainment</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Mothers%22">Mothers</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Siblings%22">Siblings</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Foreign+Countries%22">Foreign Countries</searchLink>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Slovenia%22">Slovenia</searchLink>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="SU" term="%22MacArthur+Bates+Communicative+Development+Inventories%22">MacArthur Bates Communicative Development Inventories</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="SU" term="%22Reynell+Developmental+Language+Scales%22">Reynell Developmental Language Scales</searchLink>
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  Data: 10.1177/01427237251393748
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  Data: 0142-7237<br />1740-2344
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
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  Data: Parental reports have been shown to be an informative, cost-effective, and non-invasive method of assessing children's early communicative and language development (up to the age of 3 years). However, less is known about their applicability in older preschool children after the age of three. The main aim of this study was to present the validation process of the Slovenian version of the "Communicative Development Inventories" (CDI-III), which is based on the Swedish and Croatian versions. The study was conducted on a sample of 337 parents whose children were aged between 2;6 and 4;0. The results indicate a significant intercorrelation between all subsections of the scale and a clear trend of progress related to age. Among the demographic factors, mother's education was found to have a significant influence on children's scores on the Grammar and Metalinguistic Awareness subscales. Gender and the presence of siblings did not appear to be a significant factor. In addition, scores on the language subscales (Vocabulary, Grammar, Metalinguistic Awareness) correlated significantly with scores in the Comprehension and Production Scales of the "New Reynell Developmental Language Scale." The study confirms that the Slovenian version of the CDI-III is a valid and psychometrically suitable instrument for further research into language development in Slovenian.
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  Data: As Provided
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  Data: 2026
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  Data: EJ1507767
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        Value: 10.1177/01427237251393748
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      – Text: English
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        StartPage: 373
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Slavic Languages
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Language Skills
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      – SubjectFull: Measures (Individuals)
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      – SubjectFull: Slovenia
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      – SubjectFull: MacArthur Bates Communicative Development Inventories
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      – TitleFull: Parental Reports on Children's Language Development: Validation of the Slovenian CDI-III
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              Y: 2026
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