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Personality Constructs and Measures

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Title: Personality Constructs and Measures
Language: English
Authors: Teglasi, Hedwig, Simcox, April G., Kim, Na-Young
Source: Psychology in the Schools. Mar 2007 44(3):215-228.
Availability: John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Subscription Department, 111 River Street, Hoboken, NJ 07030-5774. Tel: 800-825-7550; Tel: 201-748-6645; Fax: 201-748-6021; e-mail: subinfo@wiley.com; Web site: http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/browse/?type=JOURNAL
Peer Reviewed: Y
Page Count: 14
Publication Date: 2007
Document Type: Journal Articles
Reports - Research
Descriptors: Personality, Validity, Construct Validity, Personality Measures, Individual Differences, Item Analysis, Psychology, Measures (Individuals)
DOI: 10.1002/pits.20218
ISSN: 0033-3085
Abstract: A psychological construct, such as personality, is an abstraction that is not directly seen but inferred through observed regularities in cognitive, affective, and behavioral responses in various settings. Two assumptions give meaning to the idea of construct validity. First, constructs represent real phenomena that exist apart from the potential ways in which they are measured. Second, constructs have a causal relation to their measures (see D. Boorsboom, G.J. Mellenbergh, & J. van Heerden, 2004). According to these twin assumptions, variation in a construct such as personality or intelligence "causes" individual differences in responses to items on measures; it also accounts for performance in real life settings. An alternative perspective equates a construct with the operation used for its measurement (M. Friedman, 1991) without a presumption of causality. This article elaborates on the implications of different assumptions about measurement, "operation-referenced" and "construct-referenced," for advancing the science and practice of psychology. (Contains 1 table and 1 figure.)
Abstractor: Author
Number of References: 68
Entry Date: 2007
Accession Number: EJ761960
Database: ERIC
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  Data: Personality Constructs and Measures
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Teglasi%2C+Hedwig%22">Teglasi, Hedwig</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Simcox%2C+April+G%2E%22">Simcox, April G.</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Kim%2C+Na-Young%22">Kim, Na-Young</searchLink>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="SO" term="%22Psychology+in+the+Schools%22"><i>Psychology in the Schools</i></searchLink>. Mar 2007 44(3):215-228.
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  Data: John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Subscription Department, 111 River Street, Hoboken, NJ 07030-5774. Tel: 800-825-7550; Tel: 201-748-6645; Fax: 201-748-6021; e-mail: subinfo@wiley.com; Web site: http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/browse/?type=JOURNAL
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  Data: Journal Articles<br />Reports - Research
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Personality%22">Personality</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Validity%22">Validity</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Construct+Validity%22">Construct Validity</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Personality+Measures%22">Personality Measures</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Individual+Differences%22">Individual Differences</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Item+Analysis%22">Item Analysis</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Psychology%22">Psychology</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Measures+%28Individuals%29%22">Measures (Individuals)</searchLink>
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  Data: 10.1002/pits.20218
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  Data: A psychological construct, such as personality, is an abstraction that is not directly seen but inferred through observed regularities in cognitive, affective, and behavioral responses in various settings. Two assumptions give meaning to the idea of construct validity. First, constructs represent real phenomena that exist apart from the potential ways in which they are measured. Second, constructs have a causal relation to their measures (see D. Boorsboom, G.J. Mellenbergh, & J. van Heerden, 2004). According to these twin assumptions, variation in a construct such as personality or intelligence "causes" individual differences in responses to items on measures; it also accounts for performance in real life settings. An alternative perspective equates a construct with the operation used for its measurement (M. Friedman, 1991) without a presumption of causality. This article elaborates on the implications of different assumptions about measurement, "operation-referenced" and "construct-referenced," for advancing the science and practice of psychology. (Contains 1 table and 1 figure.)
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