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Neural Dynamics of Object-Based Multifocal Visual Spatial Attention and Priming: Object Cueing, Useful-Field-of-View, and Crowding

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Title: Neural Dynamics of Object-Based Multifocal Visual Spatial Attention and Priming: Object Cueing, Useful-Field-of-View, and Crowding
Language: English
Authors: Foley, Nicholas C., Grossberg, Stephen, Mingolla, Ennio
Source: Cognitive Psychology. Aug 2012 65(1):77-117.
Availability: Elsevier. 6277 Sea Harbor Drive, Orlando, FL 32887-4800. Tel: 877-839-7126; Tel: 407-345-4020; Fax: 407-363-1354; e-mail: usjcs@elsevier.com; Web site: http://www.elsevier.com
Peer Reviewed: Y
Physical Description: PDF
Page Count: 41
Publication Date: 2012
Document Type: Journal Articles
Reports - Research
Descriptors: Priming, Cues, Reaction Time, Eye Movements, Crowding, Competition, Earth Science, Visual Perception, Human Body, Memory, Attention, Spatial Ability, Individual Differences, Interaction, Models, Recognition (Psychology), Brain, Neurological Organization
DOI: 10.1016/j.cogpsych.2012.02.001
ISSN: 0010-0285
Abstract: How are spatial and object attention coordinated to achieve rapid object learning and recognition during eye movement search? How do prefrontal priming and parietal spatial mechanisms interact to determine the reaction time costs of intra-object attention shifts, inter-object attention shifts, and shifts between visible objects and covertly cued locations? What factors underlie individual differences in the timing and frequency of such attentional shifts? How do transient and sustained spatial attentional mechanisms work and interact? How can volition, mediated via the basal ganglia, influence the span of spatial attention? A neural model is developed of how spatial attention in the "where" cortical stream coordinates view-invariant object category learning in the "what" cortical stream under free viewing conditions. The model simulates psychological data about the dynamics of covert attention priming and switching requiring multifocal attention without eye movements. The model predicts how "attentional shrouds" are formed when surface representations in cortical area V4 resonate with spatial attention in posterior parietal cortex (PPC) and prefrontal cortex (PFC), while shrouds compete among themselves for dominance. Winning shrouds support invariant object category learning, and active surface-shroud resonances support conscious surface perception and recognition. Attentive competition between multiple objects and cues simulates reaction-time data from the two-object cueing paradigm. The relative strength of sustained surface-driven and fast-transient motion-driven spatial attention controls individual differences in reaction time for invalid cues. Competition between surface-driven attentional shrouds controls individual differences in detection rate of peripheral targets in useful-field-of-view tasks. The model proposes how the strength of competition can be mediated, though learning or momentary changes in volition, by the basal ganglia. A new explanation of crowding shows how the cortical magnification factor, among other variables, can cause multiple object surfaces to share a single surface-shroud resonance, thereby preventing recognition of the individual objects. (Contains 10 figures.)
Abstractor: As Provided
Entry Date: 2012
Accession Number: EJ963644
Database: ERIC
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  Data: Neural Dynamics of Object-Based Multifocal Visual Spatial Attention and Priming: Object Cueing, Useful-Field-of-View, and Crowding
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="SO" term="%22Cognitive+Psychology%22"><i>Cognitive Psychology</i></searchLink>. Aug 2012 65(1):77-117.
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  Data: Elsevier. 6277 Sea Harbor Drive, Orlando, FL 32887-4800. Tel: 877-839-7126; Tel: 407-345-4020; Fax: 407-363-1354; e-mail: usjcs@elsevier.com; Web site: http://www.elsevier.com
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  Data: 10.1016/j.cogpsych.2012.02.001
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  Data: How are spatial and object attention coordinated to achieve rapid object learning and recognition during eye movement search? How do prefrontal priming and parietal spatial mechanisms interact to determine the reaction time costs of intra-object attention shifts, inter-object attention shifts, and shifts between visible objects and covertly cued locations? What factors underlie individual differences in the timing and frequency of such attentional shifts? How do transient and sustained spatial attentional mechanisms work and interact? How can volition, mediated via the basal ganglia, influence the span of spatial attention? A neural model is developed of how spatial attention in the "where" cortical stream coordinates view-invariant object category learning in the "what" cortical stream under free viewing conditions. The model simulates psychological data about the dynamics of covert attention priming and switching requiring multifocal attention without eye movements. The model predicts how "attentional shrouds" are formed when surface representations in cortical area V4 resonate with spatial attention in posterior parietal cortex (PPC) and prefrontal cortex (PFC), while shrouds compete among themselves for dominance. Winning shrouds support invariant object category learning, and active surface-shroud resonances support conscious surface perception and recognition. Attentive competition between multiple objects and cues simulates reaction-time data from the two-object cueing paradigm. The relative strength of sustained surface-driven and fast-transient motion-driven spatial attention controls individual differences in reaction time for invalid cues. Competition between surface-driven attentional shrouds controls individual differences in detection rate of peripheral targets in useful-field-of-view tasks. The model proposes how the strength of competition can be mediated, though learning or momentary changes in volition, by the basal ganglia. A new explanation of crowding shows how the cortical magnification factor, among other variables, can cause multiple object surfaces to share a single surface-shroud resonance, thereby preventing recognition of the individual objects. (Contains 10 figures.)
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      – TitleFull: Neural Dynamics of Object-Based Multifocal Visual Spatial Attention and Priming: Object Cueing, Useful-Field-of-View, and Crowding
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