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IRT-Stimulus Contingencies in Chained Schedules: Implications for the Concept of Conditioned Reinforcement

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Title: IRT-Stimulus Contingencies in Chained Schedules: Implications for the Concept of Conditioned Reinforcement
Language: English
Authors: Bejarano, Rafael, Hackenberg, Timothy D.
Source: Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior. Sep 2007 88(2):215-227.
Availability: Society for the Experimental Analysis of Behavior. Available from: Indiana University Department of Psychology. Bloomington, IN 47405. Tel: 812-334-0395; Fax: 812-855-4691; e-mail: jeab@indiana.edu; Web site: http://seab.envmed.rochester.edu/jeab/index.html
Peer Reviewed: Y
Physical Description: PDF
Page Count: 13
Publication Date: 2007
Document Type: Journal Articles
Reports - Research
Descriptors: Animals, Reaction Time, Stimuli, Change, Contingency Management, Probability, Reinforcement, Conditioning
ISSN: 0022-5002
Abstract: Two experiments with pigeons investigated the effects of contingencies between interresponse times (IRTs) and the transitions between the components of 2- and 4-component chained schedules (Experiments 1 and 2, respectively). The probability of component transitions varied directly with the most recent (Lag 0) IRT in some experimental conditions and with the 4th (Lag 4) IRT preceding the most recent one in others. Mean component durations were constant across conditions, so the reinforcing effect of stimulus change was dissociated from that of delay to food. IRTs were longer in the Lag-0 than in the Lag-4 conditions of both experiments, thus demonstrating that stimulus change functioned as a reinforcer. In the Lag-0 conditions of Experiment 2, the Component-1 IRTs increased more than the Component-2 IRTs, which in turn increased more than the Component-3 IRTs. This finding runs counter to the conditioned-positive-reinforcement account of chained-schedule responding, which holds that the reinforcing effect of stimulus change should vary in strength as an inverse function of the delay to the unconditioned reinforcer at the end of the chain because conditioned reinforcement is due to first- or higher- order classical conditioning. Therefore, we present other possible explanations for this effect. (Contains 6 figures and 2 tables.)
Abstractor: As Provided
Number of References: 22
Entry Date: 2013
Access URL: https://seab.envmed.rochester.edu/jeab/toc/2007/jeabSep07.php
Accession Number: EJ991548
Database: ERIC
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  Data: IRT-Stimulus Contingencies in Chained Schedules: Implications for the Concept of Conditioned Reinforcement
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  Data: Society for the Experimental Analysis of Behavior. Available from: Indiana University Department of Psychology. Bloomington, IN 47405. Tel: 812-334-0395; Fax: 812-855-4691; e-mail: jeab@indiana.edu; Web site: http://seab.envmed.rochester.edu/jeab/index.html
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  Data: Two experiments with pigeons investigated the effects of contingencies between interresponse times (IRTs) and the transitions between the components of 2- and 4-component chained schedules (Experiments 1 and 2, respectively). The probability of component transitions varied directly with the most recent (Lag 0) IRT in some experimental conditions and with the 4th (Lag 4) IRT preceding the most recent one in others. Mean component durations were constant across conditions, so the reinforcing effect of stimulus change was dissociated from that of delay to food. IRTs were longer in the Lag-0 than in the Lag-4 conditions of both experiments, thus demonstrating that stimulus change functioned as a reinforcer. In the Lag-0 conditions of Experiment 2, the Component-1 IRTs increased more than the Component-2 IRTs, which in turn increased more than the Component-3 IRTs. This finding runs counter to the conditioned-positive-reinforcement account of chained-schedule responding, which holds that the reinforcing effect of stimulus change should vary in strength as an inverse function of the delay to the unconditioned reinforcer at the end of the chain because conditioned reinforcement is due to first- or higher- order classical conditioning. Therefore, we present other possible explanations for this effect. (Contains 6 figures and 2 tables.)
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      – Text: English
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        PageCount: 13
        StartPage: 215
    Subjects:
      – SubjectFull: Animals
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Reaction Time
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Stimuli
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Change
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      – SubjectFull: Contingency Management
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      – SubjectFull: Probability
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Reinforcement
        Type: general
      – SubjectFull: Conditioning
        Type: general
    Titles:
      – TitleFull: IRT-Stimulus Contingencies in Chained Schedules: Implications for the Concept of Conditioned Reinforcement
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            NameFull: Bejarano, Rafael
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            NameFull: Hackenberg, Timothy D.
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              M: 09
              Type: published
              Y: 2007
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              Value: 88
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            – TitleFull: Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior
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