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Índice de riesgo de la calidad del agua para consumo humano en zonas urbanas del departamento de Boyacá, Colombia 2004-2013.

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Title: Índice de riesgo de la calidad del agua para consumo humano en zonas urbanas del departamento de Boyacá, Colombia 2004-2013.
Alternate Title: Water Quality Risk Index for human consumption in urban areas of the department of Boyacá, Colombia 2004-2013.
Authors: Dueñas-Celis, Mery Yaneth1 meryduenas@gmail.com, Dorado-González, Liliana Marcela2 limado26g@gmail.com, Espinosa-Macana, Patricia3, Suescún-Carrero, Sandra Helena4 sandrahsc@yahoo.com
Source: Revista Facultad Nacional de Salud Pública. sep-dic2018, Vol. 36 Issue 3, p68-79. 12p.
Abstract (English): Introduction: The quality of water for human consumption is a determining factor in the health conditions of populations, the difference between preventing or transmitting waterborne diseases depends on several aspects, such as the quality and continuity of water supply. Objective: To determine the behavior of the Water Quality Risk Index for human consumption in urban areas in the Department of Boyacá, between 2004 and 2013. Methodology: This is a descriptive study, 122 aqueducts of the urban áreas of municipalities in the Department of Boyacáwere included. Physical, chemical, and microbiological analysis were performed in order to evaluate the Water Quality Risk Index (Total coliforms, Escherichia coli, apparent color, turbidity, pH and free residual chlorine). Results: 77 % of the 122 municipalities, in 2004, had a high Water Quality Risk Index and 23 % was at average risk. Throughout the time, the decrease in the level of risk is evident, with 3 % in high risk,14 % medium risk,29 % at low risk and 54 % at no risk in 2013. Conclusions: During the studied period in the department of Boyacá, IRCA showed a decreasing tendency, going from high to low risk,this possibly due to the implementation and intensification of surveillance on environmental health, carried out by the Health Secretariat of Boyacá. The surveillance consisted of sanitary inspections, verification of good sanitary practices, personalized training for wastewater treatment plant operators, and permanent monitoring. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Abstract (Spanish): Introducción: La calidad del agua para consumo humano es un factor determinante en las condiciones de salud de las poblaciones. La diferencia entre prevenir o transmitir las enfermedades de origen hídrico depende de varios factores, como la calidad y la continuidad del servicio de suministro de agua. Objetivo: Determinar el comportamiento del índice de riesgo de la calidad del agua (IRCA) para consumo humano en zonas urbanas del departamento de Boyacá en el periodo de 2004 a 2013. Metodología: Estudio descriptivo. Se incluyeron 122 acueductos de las zonas urbanas de los municipios del departamento de Boyacá, para la evaluación del IRCA. La toma de muestra se hizo según normatividad establecida y para ello se capacitó a técnicos en saneamiento ambiental. Se realizaron análisis físicos, químicos y microbiológicos (coliformes totales, Escherichia coli, color aparente, turbiedad, pH y cloro residual libre). Las variables analizadas se registraron en el sistema de información de la vigilancia de la calidad del agua para consumo humano (SIVICAP). También se hizo análisis estadístico de medidas de tendencia central y de promedios. Resultados: De los 122 municipios de Boyacá, en el año 2004, el 77 % se encontraban con IRCA en riesgo alto y 23 % en riesgo medio. A través del tiempo se evidencia la disminución en el nivel de riesgo, encontrándose, en el año 2013, el 3 % en riesgo alto, el 14 % riesgo medio, el 29 % en riesgo bajo y el 54 % sin riesgo. Conclusiones: Durante el periodo estudiado en el departamento de Boyacá, el IRCA evidenció una tendencia a la disminución, pasando de riesgo alto a riesgo bajo, esto debido posiblemente a la implementación e intensificación de acciones de vigilancia en salud ambiental, llevadas a cabo por la Secretaría de Salud del departamento, como visitas de inspección sanitaria, verificación de buenas prácticas sanitarias, capacitación personalizada a operarios de planta de tratamiento y monitoreo permanente. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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Database: MedicLatina
Description
Abstract:Introduction: The quality of water for human consumption is a determining factor in the health conditions of populations, the difference between preventing or transmitting waterborne diseases depends on several aspects, such as the quality and continuity of water supply. Objective: To determine the behavior of the Water Quality Risk Index for human consumption in urban areas in the Department of Boyacá, between 2004 and 2013. Methodology: This is a descriptive study, 122 aqueducts of the urban áreas of municipalities in the Department of Boyacáwere included. Physical, chemical, and microbiological analysis were performed in order to evaluate the Water Quality Risk Index (Total coliforms, Escherichia coli, apparent color, turbidity, pH and free residual chlorine). Results: 77 % of the 122 municipalities, in 2004, had a high Water Quality Risk Index and 23 % was at average risk. Throughout the time, the decrease in the level of risk is evident, with 3 % in high risk,14 % medium risk,29 % at low risk and 54 % at no risk in 2013. Conclusions: During the studied period in the department of Boyacá, IRCA showed a decreasing tendency, going from high to low risk,this possibly due to the implementation and intensification of surveillance on environmental health, carried out by the Health Secretariat of Boyacá. The surveillance consisted of sanitary inspections, verification of good sanitary practices, personalized training for wastewater treatment plant operators, and permanent monitoring. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
ISSN:0120386X
DOI:10.17533/udea.rfnsp.v36n3a10