Identificación y evaluación de riesgos posturales en un proceso de acabado de piezas automotrices.
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| Title: | Identificación y evaluación de riesgos posturales en un proceso de acabado de piezas automotrices. |
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| Alternate Title: | Identification and Evaluation of Postural Risks in a Process of Finishing Automotive Parts. Identificação e avaliação de riscos posturais em um processo de acabamento de peças automotivas. |
| Authors: | Gutiérrez, Luis Cuautle1 luis.cuautle@upaep.mx, Uribe Pacheco, Luis Alberto1, García Tepox, José Domingo1 |
| Source: | Revista Ciencias de la Salud. 2021, Vol. 19 Issue 1, p1-14. 14p. |
| Subjects: | OCCUPATIONAL disease risk factors, OCCUPATIONAL disease prevention, AUTOMOBILES, RISK assessment, POSTURE, INDUSTRIAL hygiene |
| Abstract (English): | Introduction: Currently, automatic processes predominate in the automotive sector, as well as in other industrial areas. In this way, human participation is restricted to the loading and unloading of materials. The international standardization organization has developed standards for the evaluation of static work postures while ergonomics employs methodologies and tools for the evaluation of postural risks. The objective was to identify, evaluate and reduce the postural risks to which the workers of a finishing operation of automotive parts in a plastic injection process are exposed. Materials and methods: The existing conditions of a work station regarding the loading and unloading of materials through ergonomic methods such as the rapid entire body assessment, the Ovako work analysis system, the load equation of the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health and the method of key indicators for manual handling operations. In addition, a new device was designed to allow the transfer of materials through the workstation. Results: The ergonomic results obtained show very high levels of risk that put at risk the workers studied. The implementation of the suggested improvement avoids the load on the part of the personnel and with it reduces the factors of musculoskeletal injuries. Conclusions: The combination of several ergonomic studies contributes to evaluate the work postures and reduce the loading efforts and the probability of suffering an injury. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
| Abstract (Spanish): | Introducción: actualmente, los procesos automáticos predominan en el sector automotor, así como en otros giros industriales. De esta manera, la participación humana se restringe a la carga y descarga de materiales. La Organización Internacional de Estandarización ha desarrollado normas para evaluar posturas de trabajo estáticas; mientras que la ergonomía emplea metodologías y herramientas para evaluar riesgos posturales. El objetivo fue identificar, evaluar y reducir los riesgos posturales a los que están expuestos los trabajadores de una operación de acabado de piezas automotrices en un proceso de inyección de plástico. Materiales y métodos: se analizaron las condiciones existentes de una estación de trabajo respecto a la carga y descarga de materiales con métodos ergonómicos, como la evaluación rápida de todo el cuerpo, el sistema de análisis de trabajo Ovako, la ecuación de carga del Instituto Nacional para la Seguridad y Salud Ocupacional y el método de indicadores clave para operaciones de manejo manual. Además, se diseñó un nuevo dispositivo que permitiera el traslado de los materiales a través de la estación de trabajo. Resultados: los resultados ergonómicos obtenidos muestran índices muy altos que ponen en riesgo a los trabajadores estudiados. La implementación de la mejora sugerida evita la carga por parte del personal y con ello se reducen los factores de lesiones músculo-esqueléticas. Conclusión: la combinación de diversos estudios ergonómicos contribuye a evaluar las posturas de trabajo y a reducir los esfuerzos de carga y la probabilidad de sufrir una lesión. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
| Abstract (Portuguese): | Introdução: atualmente, os processos automáticos predominam no setor automotivo, bem como em outros setores industriais. Desta forma, a participação humana fica restrita ao carregamento e descarregamento de materiais. A organização internacional de padronização desenvolveu padrões para a avaliação de posturas estáticas de trabalho, enquanto a ergonomia usa metodologias e ferramentas para a avaliação de riscos posturais. O objetivo foi identificar, avaliar e reduzir os riscos posturais a que estão expostos os trabalhadores de uma operação de acabamento de peças automotivas em um processo de injeção plástica. Materiais e métodos: as condições existentes de uma estação de trabalho foram avaliadas quanto ao carregamento e descarregamento de materiais através de métodos ergonômicos, tais como a avaliação rápida de corpo inteiro, o sistema de análise de trabalho Ovako, a equação de carga do Instituto Nacional de Segurança e Saúde Ocupacional e o método de indicadores chaves para operações de controle manual. Além disso, um novo dispositivo foi projetado para permitir a transferência de materiais ao longo da estação de trabalho. Resultados: os resultados ergonômicos obtidos mostram níveis de risco muito elevados que colocam em risco os trabalhadores avaliados. A implementação da melhoria sugerida evita sobrecarga da equipe e, portanto, reduz os fatores de lesões musculoesqueléticas. Conclusão: a combinação de diversos estudos ergonômicos contribui para avaliar as posturas de trabalho e reduzir os esforços de carga e a probabilidade de sofrer uma lesão. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
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| Database: | MedicLatina |
| Abstract: | Introduction: Currently, automatic processes predominate in the automotive sector, as well as in other industrial areas. In this way, human participation is restricted to the loading and unloading of materials. The international standardization organization has developed standards for the evaluation of static work postures while ergonomics employs methodologies and tools for the evaluation of postural risks. The objective was to identify, evaluate and reduce the postural risks to which the workers of a finishing operation of automotive parts in a plastic injection process are exposed. Materials and methods: The existing conditions of a work station regarding the loading and unloading of materials through ergonomic methods such as the rapid entire body assessment, the Ovako work analysis system, the load equation of the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health and the method of key indicators for manual handling operations. In addition, a new device was designed to allow the transfer of materials through the workstation. Results: The ergonomic results obtained show very high levels of risk that put at risk the workers studied. The implementation of the suggested improvement avoids the load on the part of the personnel and with it reduces the factors of musculoskeletal injuries. Conclusions: The combination of several ergonomic studies contributes to evaluate the work postures and reduce the loading efforts and the probability of suffering an injury. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
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| ISSN: | 16927273 |
| DOI: | 10.12804/revistas.urosario.edu.co/revsalud/a.10053 |
