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A new type of nest in the genus Quindina (Opiliones: Nomoclastidae) with hypotheses about its origin and a new species for Colombia.

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Title: A new type of nest in the genus Quindina (Opiliones: Nomoclastidae) with hypotheses about its origin and a new species for Colombia.
Alternate Title: Un nuevo tipo de nido en el género Quindina (Opiliones: Nomoclastidae) con hipótesis sobre su origen y una nueva especie para Colombia.
Authors: Lancheros, Héctor1 lancheroshector@unbosque.edu.co, Arias Cuellar, Daniel1 dsarias@unbosque.edu.co, Pinto-da-Rocha, Ricardo2 Brazilricrocha@usp.br
Source: Revista de Biología Tropical. 2024, Vol. 72 Issue 1, p1-26. 26p.
Subjects: BIOLOGICAL evolution, OPILIONES, TERRARIUMS, PENIS, ARTHROPODA, NEST building
Abstract (English): Introduction: Parental care is a phenomenon that has been recorded for several clades of the order Opiliones, but nest building has only been reported in the Neotropical genus Quindina Roewer, 1914 (Nomoclastidae). Objective: To describe a new type of nest used in parental care by a new species of Quindina and determine its placement in the phylogenetic tree of the genus, to propose hypotheses about the origin of the two types of nests reported so far. Methods: Specimens and nests were collected in La Calera, Cundinamarca, Colombia. Observations of parental care were made both in the field and in terrariums. A new species was described based on somatic characters and penis structure. A phylogenetic analysis was carried out, consensus methods with equal weights, implicit weighting, and successive weighting were used. Results: We describe a new case of parental care with a new type of disc-shaped nest, which we call "pendular disc nest". The nest is built by males of Quindina pendula sp. nov.; this species can be recognized externally by the absence of white spots, the presence of a mushroom-shaped set of patches in the middle part of the prosoma, and the presence of a dark yellow background around most of the tubercles. Results of the phylogenetic analysis showed Q. pendula sp. nov. is sister to all Quindina species except Quindina marginata. Based on the tree, obtained by successive weighting, seven phylogenetic hypotheses, related to the possible origin of the two types of nests recorded in the genus Quindina, were proposed. Conclusions: This study presents a new case of egg guarding and the building of nests in arthropods, which is not very common in nature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Abstract (Spanish): Introducción: El cuidado parental es un fenómeno que se ha registrado para varios clados del orden Opiliones, pero la construcción de nidos solo se ha reportado en el género neotropical Quindina Roewer, 1914 (Nomoclastidae). Objetivo: Describir un nuevo tipo de nido utilizado en el cuidado parental, por una nueva especie de Quindina, y determinar su ubicación en el árbol filogenético del género, con el fin de proponer hipótesis sobre el origen de los dos tipos de nidos reportados hasta el momento. Métodos: Los especímenes y nidos fueron recolectados en La Calera, Cundinamarca, Colombia. Se observó el cuidado parental, en el campo y en terrarios, de una nueva especie descrita con base en caracteres somáticos y en la estructura del pene. Se realizó un análisis filogenético, se utilizaron métodos de consenso con pesos iguales, ponderación implícita y ponderación sucesiva. Resultados: Describimos un nuevo caso de cuidado parental con un nuevo tipo de nido, denominado "nido disco pendular", el cual es construido por machos de Quindina pendula sp. nov.; esta especie se reconoce externamente por la ausencia de manchas blancas, la presencia de un conjunto de manchas en forma de champiñón en la parte media del prosoma y la presencia de un fondo amarillo alrededor de los tubérculos. Los resultados del análisis filogenético mostraron a Q. pendula sp. nov. como hermana de todas las especies de Quindina, excepto Quindina marginata. Con base en el árbol obtenido, por ponderación sucesiva, se propusieron siete hipótesis filogenéticas, relacionadas con el origen de los dos tipos de nidos registrados. Conclusiones: Este estudio presenta un nuevo caso de protección de los huevos para el género Quindina, que implica la construcción de nidos en artrópodos, lo cual es poco común en la naturaleza. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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Database: MedicLatina
Description
Abstract:Introduction: Parental care is a phenomenon that has been recorded for several clades of the order Opiliones, but nest building has only been reported in the Neotropical genus Quindina Roewer, 1914 (Nomoclastidae). Objective: To describe a new type of nest used in parental care by a new species of Quindina and determine its placement in the phylogenetic tree of the genus, to propose hypotheses about the origin of the two types of nests reported so far. Methods: Specimens and nests were collected in La Calera, Cundinamarca, Colombia. Observations of parental care were made both in the field and in terrariums. A new species was described based on somatic characters and penis structure. A phylogenetic analysis was carried out, consensus methods with equal weights, implicit weighting, and successive weighting were used. Results: We describe a new case of parental care with a new type of disc-shaped nest, which we call "pendular disc nest". The nest is built by males of Quindina pendula sp. nov.; this species can be recognized externally by the absence of white spots, the presence of a mushroom-shaped set of patches in the middle part of the prosoma, and the presence of a dark yellow background around most of the tubercles. Results of the phylogenetic analysis showed Q. pendula sp. nov. is sister to all Quindina species except Quindina marginata. Based on the tree, obtained by successive weighting, seven phylogenetic hypotheses, related to the possible origin of the two types of nests recorded in the genus Quindina, were proposed. Conclusions: This study presents a new case of egg guarding and the building of nests in arthropods, which is not very common in nature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
ISSN:00347744
DOI:10.15517/rev.biol.trop..v72i1.61426