Cambios histológicos en los tejidos circundantes al órgano dental involucrado en la palatoplastia después de la aplicación biomecánica de ortodoncia en pacientes con labio y paladar hendido.

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Title:	Cambios histológicos en los tejidos circundantes al órgano dental involucrado en la palatoplastia después de la aplicación biomecánica de ortodoncia en pacientes con labio y paladar hendido.
Alternate Title:	Histological changes in tissues surrounding the dental organ involved in palatoplasty after biomechanical orthodontic application in patients with cleft lip and palate.
Authors:	Zamora-Escobar, Yamile¹ dra.yzescobar@gmail.com, Alberto Burciaga-Nava, Jorge², Cisneros-Pérez, Vicente², Gómez Palacio-Gastélum, Marcelo³, Gaitán-Cepeda, Luis⁴
Source:	Revista Oral. may-ago2025, Vol. 26 Issue 81, p2437-2444. 8p.
Subjects:	CLEFT palate, ORTHODONTICS, PALATE surgery, PERIODONTAL ligament, PATHOLOGICAL physiology, CELL proliferation, APOPTOSIS, BIOMECHANICS
Abstract (English):	Introduction. Currently, orthodontic treatments in patients with Cleft Lip and Palate (CLP) are performed using conventional techniques. In most cases, the tooth involved in palatoplasty is extracted due to a lack of knowledge about its biomechanics and cellular biology. Objective. To describe the histological changes in tissues surrounding the dental organ involved in palatoplasty after the biomechanical application of orthodontics in patients with CLP. Methodology. A randomized, open-label, controlled, prospective, four-arm-parallel experimental study was conducted, approved by the Research Committee of the Faculty of Medicine and Nutrition of Universidad Juárez del Estado de Durango (UJED), following a letter of informed consent and assent. Twelve patients with CLP were include, and randomly distributed into four groups. Two biopsies of the periodontal tissue of the involved organ were taken from each patient, one on the day of force activation and another on the day of intervention (day 3, 7, and 14), depending to the assigned group. No force was applied to the control group. The tissues were processed with Bcl2, BAX, and Ki67 immunohistochemistry to determine cellular behavior to respect to proliferation and apoptosis. Results. Cell proliferation (Ki67) increased in each stage with force activation in groups 2, 3, and 4 (p < 0.05). Group 1 (control) did not show statistical significance. Apoptosis (Bcl2) did not show significance in groups 1 and 2 but increased significantly in groups 3 and 4 (p < 0.05). BAX staining did not show statistical significance in groups 1, 2, and 3, but reached significance in group 4 (p < 0.005). Conclusions. Cell proliferation increases in periodontal tissue when a force of 100 g is applied to the tooth involved in the fissure. It is recommended to preserve the tooth because it improves function, aesthetics, and patient self-esteem. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Abstract (Spanish):	Introducción. En la actualidad, los tratamientos de ortodoncia en pacientes con labio y paladar hendido (LPH) se practican con técnicas convencionales. En la mayoría de los casos, se extrae el órgano dental involucrado en la palatoplastia por falta de conocimiento en su biomecánica y biología celular. Objetivo. Describir los cambios histológicos en los tejidos circundantes al órgano dental involucrado en la palatoplastia tras la aplicación biomecánica de la ortodoncia en pacientes con LPH. Metodología. Se llevó a cabo un estudio experimental aleatorizado, de etiqueta abierta, controlado, prospectivo y de cuatro ramas paralelas, aprobado por el Comité de Investigación de la Facultad de Medicina y Nutrición de la Universidad Juárez del Estado de Durango (UJED), previa carta de consentimiento y de asentimiento informados. Se incluyeron 12 pacientes con LPH, distribuidos aleatoriamente en cuatro grupos. A cada paciente se le tomaron dos biopsias del tejido periodontal del órgano dental involucrado: una el día de la activación de la fuerza y, otra, el día de la intervención: día 3 (grupo 2), día 7 (grupo 3) y día 14 (grupo 4), de acuerdo con el grupo asignado, al grupo control (grupo 1) no se le aplicó fuerza. Los tejidos se procesaron para realizar inmunohistoquímica Bcl2, BAX y Ki67 para determinar el comportamiento celular con respecto a la proliferación y la apoptosis. Resultados. La proliferación celular (Ki67) aumentó en cada una de las etapas con la activación de la fuerza en los grupos 2, 3 y 4 (p < 0.05). Con respecto al grupo control (grupo 1) no se observó significancia estadística. La apoptosis (Bcl2) no mostró significancia en los grupos 1 y 2, pero en los grupos 3 y 4 aumentó significativamente (p < 0.05). La inmunorreacción BAX en los grupos 1, 2 y 3 no fue significativa, pero sí la alcanzó en el grupo 4 (p < 0.005). Conclusiones. La proliferación celular incrementa en el tejido periodontal al aplicar una fuerza de 100 g a la pieza involucrada en la fisura. Se recomienda conservar la pieza dental porque mejora la función, la estética y la autoestima del paciente. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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Database:	MedicLatina

Description
Abstract:	Introduction. Currently, orthodontic treatments in patients with Cleft Lip and Palate (CLP) are performed using conventional techniques. In most cases, the tooth involved in palatoplasty is extracted due to a lack of knowledge about its biomechanics and cellular biology. Objective. To describe the histological changes in tissues surrounding the dental organ involved in palatoplasty after the biomechanical application of orthodontics in patients with CLP. Methodology. A randomized, open-label, controlled, prospective, four-arm-parallel experimental study was conducted, approved by the Research Committee of the Faculty of Medicine and Nutrition of Universidad Juárez del Estado de Durango (UJED), following a letter of informed consent and assent. Twelve patients with CLP were include, and randomly distributed into four groups. Two biopsies of the periodontal tissue of the involved organ were taken from each patient, one on the day of force activation and another on the day of intervention (day 3, 7, and 14), depending to the assigned group. No force was applied to the control group. The tissues were processed with Bcl2, BAX, and Ki67 immunohistochemistry to determine cellular behavior to respect to proliferation and apoptosis. Results. Cell proliferation (Ki67) increased in each stage with force activation in groups 2, 3, and 4 (p < 0.05). Group 1 (control) did not show statistical significance. Apoptosis (Bcl2) did not show significance in groups 1 and 2 but increased significantly in groups 3 and 4 (p < 0.05). BAX staining did not show statistical significance in groups 1, 2, and 3, but reached significance in group 4 (p < 0.005). Conclusions. Cell proliferation increases in periodontal tissue when a force of 100 g is applied to the tooth involved in the fissure. It is recommended to preserve the tooth because it improves function, aesthetics, and patient self-esteem. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
ISSN:	1665143X