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Dairy consumption patterns in Mexican adults: analysis of three nationally representative surveys, 2012-2018.

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Title: Dairy consumption patterns in Mexican adults: analysis of three nationally representative surveys, 2012-2018.
Alternate Title: Patrones de consumo de lácteos en adultos mexicanos: análisis de tres encuestas representativas a nivel nacional, 2012-2018.
Authors: Armenta-González, Leticia Lizbeth1, Hernández-Pérez, Jesús Gibran2,3, Rodríguez-Ramírez, Sonia1, Feeney, Emma L.4, Vázquez-Salas, Ruth Argelia2, Torres-Sánchez, Luisa2 ltorress@insp.mx
Source: Salud Pública de México. Sep/Oct2025, Vol. 67 Issue 5, p455-465. 11p.
Subjects: MILK consumption, SOCIOECONOMIC factors, SOCIAL surveys, FOOD habits, CONSUMPTION (Economics), MEXICANS, DEMOGRAPHY
Abstract (English): Objective. To identify dairy consumption patterns, trends, and associated characteristics in Mexican adults from 2012-2018. Materials and methods. We used data from 25 218 adults aged ≥20 years participating in the Mexican National Health and Nutrition Survey (Ensanut, by its acronym in Spanish) 2012, 2016 and 2018. Through a semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire, we estimated the energy-adjusted intake of 23 dairy products. Dairy patterns were identified using the principal component analysis. To identify associated characteristics and trends, we used independent linear regression models for each pattern. We included survey year as an independent variable in trend estimation (stratified by sex and region). Results. We identified three dairy patterns: 1) skim milk/light yogurt, 2) fresh cheese/high-fat milk and yogurt, and 3) mature cheese/ cream. The highest consumption of all dairy patterns was associated with high education and/or socioeconomic level. Consumption of the “skim milk/light yogurt” and “mature cheeses/cream” patterns increased, whereas “fresh cheese/ high-fat milk and yogurt pattern” decreased steadily. These changes were similar among women and men and in all regions. Conclusion. Our findings support the existence of different population-specific dairy consumption patterns with variations over time, mainly determined by socioeconomic characteristics. This approach must be considered to evaluate the association between dairy consumption and health outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Abstract (Spanish): Objetivo. Identificar patrones de consumo de lácteos, tendencias y características asociadas en adultos mexicanos entre 2012-2018. Material y métodos. Se analizó la información de 25 218 participantes (≥20 años) en la Ensanut 2012, 2016 y 2018. Mediante un cuestionario semicuantitativo de frecuencia de consumo de alimentos se estimó el consumo diario ajustado por energía de 23 lácteos. Los patrones de consumo se identificaron usando un análisis de componentes principales. Las características asociadas y las tendencias se identificaron usando modelos independientes de regresión lineal para cada patrón. El año de la encuesta se incluyó como variable independiente en la estimación de la tendencia (estratificados por sexo y región). Resultados. Se identificaron tres patrones: 1) leche light/yogur light, 2) queso fresco/lácteos altos en grasa, y 3) queso maduro/crema. Un mayor consumo de estos patrones estuvo asociado con mayor escolaridad y/o nivel socioeconómico. El consumo de los patrones “leche light/yogur light” y “quesos maduros” incrementó, mientras que el consumo de “queso fresco/leche y yogur altos en grasa” disminuyó en todas las regiones y similar en hombres y mujeres. Conclusión. Los patrones de consumo de lácteos son poblacionalmente específicos socioeconómicamente determinados y con cambios temporales. Este abordaje debe ser considerado al evaluar la asociación entre el consumo de lácteos y resultados en salud. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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Database: MedicLatina
Description
Abstract:Objective. To identify dairy consumption patterns, trends, and associated characteristics in Mexican adults from 2012-2018. Materials and methods. We used data from 25 218 adults aged ≥20 years participating in the Mexican National Health and Nutrition Survey (Ensanut, by its acronym in Spanish) 2012, 2016 and 2018. Through a semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire, we estimated the energy-adjusted intake of 23 dairy products. Dairy patterns were identified using the principal component analysis. To identify associated characteristics and trends, we used independent linear regression models for each pattern. We included survey year as an independent variable in trend estimation (stratified by sex and region). Results. We identified three dairy patterns: 1) skim milk/light yogurt, 2) fresh cheese/high-fat milk and yogurt, and 3) mature cheese/ cream. The highest consumption of all dairy patterns was associated with high education and/or socioeconomic level. Consumption of the “skim milk/light yogurt” and “mature cheeses/cream” patterns increased, whereas “fresh cheese/ high-fat milk and yogurt pattern” decreased steadily. These changes were similar among women and men and in all regions. Conclusion. Our findings support the existence of different population-specific dairy consumption patterns with variations over time, mainly determined by socioeconomic characteristics. This approach must be considered to evaluate the association between dairy consumption and health outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
ISSN:00363634
DOI:10.21149/16485