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Desnutrición y sobrepeso en menores de cinco años en localidades urbanas y rurales de México.

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Title: Desnutrición y sobrepeso en menores de cinco años en localidades urbanas y rurales de México.
Authors: Cuevas-Nasu, Lucía1, Muñoz-Espinosa, Alicia1 ciee45@insp.mx, Jiménez-Aguilar, Alejandra1, Gómez-Acosta, Luz María1, García-Feregrino, Raquel1, Ávila-Arcos, Marco Antonio1, Méndez-Gómez-Humarán, Ignacio2, Rivera-Dommarco, Juan1,3
Source: Salud Pública de México. nov/dec2025, Vol. 67 Issue 6, p598-608. 11p.
Subjects: MALNUTRITION, OBESITY, MINORS, SOCIODEMOGRAPHIC factors, INDIGENOUS peoples of Mexico, RURAL geography, NUTRITIONAL status, CITIES & towns
Geographic Terms: MEXICO
Abstract (English): Objective. To estimate the prevalence of undernutrition and overweight (including obesity) in the population under 5 years of age in Mexico according to the Encuesta Nacional de Salud y Nutrición 2020-2024 data and the determining factors associated with urban or rural residence. Materials and methods. Nutritional status indicators for 7 606 children under five years of age from the Ensanut 2020-2024 surveys were analyzed for the national, urban, and rural areas and by selected categories of sociodemographic variables. The association between sociodemographic variables and risk of malnutrition was studied separately for urban and rural areas. Results. 4.1% of the children were underweight, 14.1% were stunted, 1.3% were wasted, and 7.5% were overweight. The variables positively associated with stunting were indigenous households, the South-Pacific, Peninsula, and Mexico City-State of Mexico regions, and the low tertile of the wealth index. The highest prevalences of overweight were concentrated in urban areas (7.8%) and the North-Pacific (10.0%) and North-Central (9.1%) regions. Conclusions. Stunting continues to be concentrated among families in socioeconomically disadvantaged conditions, whereas overweight is more evenly distributed, showing no distinction by type of locality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Abstract (Spanish): Objetivo. Estimar las prevalencias de desnutrición y sobrepeso (incluyendo obesidad) en población menor de cinco años en México de la Encuesta Nacional de Salud y Nutrición 2020-2024 y los factores determinantes asociados con residencia urbana o rural. Material y métodos. Se analizaron indicadores del estado de nutrición de 7 606 menores de cinco años de las Ensanut 2020-2024 para los ámbitos nacional, urbano y rural y por categorías de variables sociodemográficas selectas. Se estudió la asociación entre variables sociodemográficas y riesgo de mala nutrición, por separado, para localidades urbanas y rurales. Resultados. 4.1% presentó bajo peso, 14.1% baja talla, 1.3% emaciación y 7.5% sobrepeso. Las variables asociadas positivamente con baja talla fueron: hogar indígena, región Pacífico-Sur, Península, CDMX/Edomex e índice de condiciones de bienestar bajo. Las localidades urbanas (7.8%) y las regiones Pacífico-Norte (10.0%) y Centro-Norte (9.1%) concentran las mayores prevalencias de sobrepeso. Conclusiones. La baja talla sigue concentrándose en familias en situación de desventaja socioeconómica, mientras que el sobrepeso se distribuye de manera más homogénea, sin diferenciar por tipo de localidad. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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Database: MedicLatina
Description
Abstract:Objective. To estimate the prevalence of undernutrition and overweight (including obesity) in the population under 5 years of age in Mexico according to the Encuesta Nacional de Salud y Nutrición 2020-2024 data and the determining factors associated with urban or rural residence. Materials and methods. Nutritional status indicators for 7 606 children under five years of age from the Ensanut 2020-2024 surveys were analyzed for the national, urban, and rural areas and by selected categories of sociodemographic variables. The association between sociodemographic variables and risk of malnutrition was studied separately for urban and rural areas. Results. 4.1% of the children were underweight, 14.1% were stunted, 1.3% were wasted, and 7.5% were overweight. The variables positively associated with stunting were indigenous households, the South-Pacific, Peninsula, and Mexico City-State of Mexico regions, and the low tertile of the wealth index. The highest prevalences of overweight were concentrated in urban areas (7.8%) and the North-Pacific (10.0%) and North-Central (9.1%) regions. Conclusions. Stunting continues to be concentrated among families in socioeconomically disadvantaged conditions, whereas overweight is more evenly distributed, showing no distinction by type of locality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
ISSN:00363634
DOI:10.21149/17050