Fragilidad preoperatoria. Constructo asociado al incremento de riesgo de complicaciones postoperatorias, fracaso para rescatar, y mortalidad a 30 días. Instrumentos disponibles para su evaluación en pacientes quirúrgicos.

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Title:	Fragilidad preoperatoria. Constructo asociado al incremento de riesgo de complicaciones postoperatorias, fracaso para rescatar, y mortalidad a 30 días. Instrumentos disponibles para su evaluación en pacientes quirúrgicos.
Alternate Title:	Preoperative Frailty. A construct associated with an increased risk of postoperative complications, failure to rescue, and 30-day mortality. Available instruments for its assessment in surgical patients.
Authors:	Manterola-Delgado, Carlos¹ carlos.manterola@ufrontera.cl, Rivadeneira-Dueñas, Josué¹, Alvarado, Luis¹
Source:	Revista de Cirugia. 2026, Vol. 78 Issue 1, p62-70. 9p.
Abstract (English):	Aging is a natural and inevitable phenomenon that leads older adults to develop a series of chronic diseases affecting their health and well-being. Frailty is generally associated with older adults, though not exclusively, and is characterized by a decline in physiological reserves across multiple organs and systems. This decline results from aging-related physiological changes, stress, physical inactivity, and inadequate nutrition, leading to a phenomenon known as homeostenosis (a reduced ability to maintain homeostasis in response to acute stress), as may produce a surgical procedure, which impose significant physiological stress, and in frail patients, are associated with a higher likelihood of complications, prolonged recovery, failure to rescue, and increased postoperative mortality. This article will provide an overview of the construct by outlining key definitions, its prevalence, and available assessment tools, concluding with selected published examples to help the reader gain a comprehensive understanding of the topic. The main of this manuscript was to serve as a study document on the concept of preoperative frailty as a construct associated with an increased risk of postoperative complications, failure to rescue, and 30-day mortality. Additionally, aims to describe the available instruments for assessing frailty in surgical patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Abstract (Spanish):	El envejecimiento es un fenómeno natural y obligado, que determina que los adultos mayores desarrollen una serie de enfermedades crónicas que afectan su salud y bienestar. La fragilidad se asocia por lo general con los adultos mayores (aunque no de forma exclusiva), y se caracteriza por una deterioro de sus reservas en diversos órganos y sistemas a consecuencia de cambios fisiológicos propios del envejecimiento, estrés, inactividad y nutrición inapropiada; lo que conlleva a un fenómeno de homeoestenosis (detrimento en la facultad de mantener la homeostasis en situaciones de estrés agudo); como el que produce un procedimiento quirúrgico, los que en pacientes frágiles se asocian con mayor probabilidad de complicaciones, recuperación prolongada, fracaso para rescatar, y mortalidad postoperatoria. En este artículo se explicarán algunas definiciones del constructo, su prevalencia, e instrumentos de medición de este, para terminar con algunos ejemplos publicados, para que el lector pueda formarse una idea general. El objetivo de este manuscrito fue generar un documento de estudio respecto del concepto fragilidad preoperatoria (FPO), como constructo asociado al incremento del riesgo de complicaciones postoperatorias (CPO), fracaso para rescatar (FR), y mortalidad a 30 días (M30D); y describir algunos instrumentos disponibles para su evaluación en pacientes quirúrgicos. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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Database:	MedicLatina

Description
Abstract:	Aging is a natural and inevitable phenomenon that leads older adults to develop a series of chronic diseases affecting their health and well-being. Frailty is generally associated with older adults, though not exclusively, and is characterized by a decline in physiological reserves across multiple organs and systems. This decline results from aging-related physiological changes, stress, physical inactivity, and inadequate nutrition, leading to a phenomenon known as homeostenosis (a reduced ability to maintain homeostasis in response to acute stress), as may produce a surgical procedure, which impose significant physiological stress, and in frail patients, are associated with a higher likelihood of complications, prolonged recovery, failure to rescue, and increased postoperative mortality. This article will provide an overview of the construct by outlining key definitions, its prevalence, and available assessment tools, concluding with selected published examples to help the reader gain a comprehensive understanding of the topic. The main of this manuscript was to serve as a study document on the concept of preoperative frailty as a construct associated with an increased risk of postoperative complications, failure to rescue, and 30-day mortality. Additionally, aims to describe the available instruments for assessing frailty in surgical patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
ISSN:	24524557
DOI:	10.35687/s2452-454920260012767