Efectos Dualistas de la cirugía bariátrica disminución o aumento de riesgo en cáncer esófago-gástrico. Parte I Mecanismos protectores o favorecedores.

Saved in:

Bibliographic Details
Title:	Efectos Dualistas de la cirugía bariátrica disminución o aumento de riesgo en cáncer esófago-gástrico. Parte I Mecanismos protectores o favorecedores.
Alternate Title:	Dualistic Effects of Bariatric Surgery: Decrease or Increase in Risk of Esophagogastric Cancer. Part I Protective or supportive mechanisms.
Authors:	Braghetto-Miranda, Italo¹ ibraghet@hcuch.cl, Mercandino-Sepulveda, Antonio¹, Gallegos-Caro, Cristian¹
Source:	Revista de Cirugia. 2026, Vol. 78 Issue 1, p108-114. 7p.
Abstract (English):	Obesity has become a serious public health concern, with a marked increase in its global prevalence—particularly in Chile, where 38.8% of the adult population is classified as obese. This condition is associated with an elevated risk of comorbidities, including cardiovascular and metabolic diseases, as well as several types of cancer. Bariatric surgery has emerged as an effective strategy for achieving sustained weight loss and improving these comorbidities, in addition to its potential role in reducing cancer incidence. However, evidence regarding its impact on gastrointestinal tumors—particularly esophagogastric neoplasms—remains controversial. This article analyzes the pathophysiological mechanisms linking obesity to cancer, highlighting the active role of adipose tissue in carcinogenesis. It explores how bariatric surgery modifies these mechanisms by reducing chronic inflammation, improving insulin resistance, and altering the adipokine profile, thereby creating a microenvironment less conducive to tumor development. Despite these benefits, the relationship between bariatric surgery and the risk of esophagogastric cancer remains a subject of ongoing debate. While some procedures appear to reduce exposure to local carcinogenic factors, others may induce anatomical changes that alter this balance. Therefore, a more comprehensive understanding of the long-term oncological implications of bariatric procedures is essential in order to maximize their protective benefits without overlooking the potential risks associated with this specific group of tumors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Abstract (Spanish):	La obesidad se ha convertido en un grave problema de salud pública, con un notable aumento en la incidencia a nivel mundial, especialmente en Chile, donde el 38,8 % de la población adulta es obesa. Esta condición está asociada a un mayor riesgo de comorbilidades, incluyendo enfermedades cardiovasculares, metabólicas y ciertos tipos de cáncer. La cirugía bariátrica se presenta como una estrategia efectiva para lograr una pérdida de peso sostenida y mejorar estas comorbilidades, además de su potencial para reducir la incidencia de cáncer. Sin embargo, la evidencia sobre su impacto en tumores gastrointestinales, particularmente esofagogástricos, sigue siendo controvertida. Este trabajo analiza los mecanismos fisiopatológicos que vinculan la obesidad con el cáncer, destacando el papel activo del tejido adiposo en la carcinogénesis. Se explora cómo la cirugía bariátrica modifica estos procesos, reduciendo la inflamación crónica, mejorando la resistencia a la insulina y alterando el perfil de adipocinas, lo que contribuye a un entorno menos propenso al desarrollo tumoral. A pesar de estos beneficios, la relación entre cirugía bariátrica y riesgo de neoplasias esofagogástricas continúa siendo motivo de debate. Mientras algunos procedimientos parecen disminuir la exposición a factores carcinogénicos locales, otros podrían asociarse a cambios anatómicos que alteran este equilibrio. En consecuencia, se requiere una mejor comprensión del impacto a largo plazo de estas intervenciones, con el fin de maximizar sus beneficios oncológicos sin descuidar los riesgos potenciales en este grupo específico de tumores. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
	Copyright of Revista de Cirugia is the property of Sociedad de Cirujanos de Chile and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
Database:	MedicLatina

Description
Abstract:	Obesity has become a serious public health concern, with a marked increase in its global prevalence—particularly in Chile, where 38.8% of the adult population is classified as obese. This condition is associated with an elevated risk of comorbidities, including cardiovascular and metabolic diseases, as well as several types of cancer. Bariatric surgery has emerged as an effective strategy for achieving sustained weight loss and improving these comorbidities, in addition to its potential role in reducing cancer incidence. However, evidence regarding its impact on gastrointestinal tumors—particularly esophagogastric neoplasms—remains controversial. This article analyzes the pathophysiological mechanisms linking obesity to cancer, highlighting the active role of adipose tissue in carcinogenesis. It explores how bariatric surgery modifies these mechanisms by reducing chronic inflammation, improving insulin resistance, and altering the adipokine profile, thereby creating a microenvironment less conducive to tumor development. Despite these benefits, the relationship between bariatric surgery and the risk of esophagogastric cancer remains a subject of ongoing debate. While some procedures appear to reduce exposure to local carcinogenic factors, others may induce anatomical changes that alter this balance. Therefore, a more comprehensive understanding of the long-term oncological implications of bariatric procedures is essential in order to maximize their protective benefits without overlooking the potential risks associated with this specific group of tumors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
ISSN:	24524557
DOI:	10.35687/s2452-454920260012795