Creación de protocolo de seguimiento para pacientes tratados con semaglutida y tirzepatida inyectable indicada para pérdida de peso. Diseño de estudio de investigación en farmacia comunitaria.

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Bibliographic Details
Title:	Creación de protocolo de seguimiento para pacientes tratados con semaglutida y tirzepatida inyectable indicada para pérdida de peso. Diseño de estudio de investigación en farmacia comunitaria.
Alternate Title:	Development of a Follow-Up Protocol for Patients Treated with Injectable Semaglutide for Weight Loss: Design of a Research Study in Community Pharmacy.
Authors:	Acuña Elvira, Nerea¹ nereacue@hotmail.com
Source:	Farmacéuticos Comunitarios. ene2026, Vol. 18 Issue 1, p13-22. 10p.
Subjects:	SEMAGLUTIDE, WEIGHT loss, DIETARY patterns, DRUG side effects, GLUCAGON-like peptide-1 agonists, NEEDS assessment, DRUGSTORES, MEDICAL needs assessment
Abstract (English):	In 2024, a second brand of injectable semaglutide was marketed, authorized for the indication of weight loss, along with the first tirzepatide. Both are indicated as an adjunct to a low-calorie diet and increased physical activity for weight control, including weight loss and maintenance, in adults with a BMI greater than 27. In Community Pharmacy, we have a Professional Pharmaceutical Service in Nutrition, and it is of interest to study and compare the outcomes obtained by patients using these drugs versus those who only adopt lifestyle changes in diet and physical activity. This is especially relevant after observing that several patients had stopped attending the Nutrition Service, arguing that maintaining diet and increasing physical activity required too much effort, and that they would instead request a prescription for one of these drugs from their primary care physician. A protocol was therefore designed to conduct a research study during 2026 to allow follow-up of patients treated with injectable semaglutide and tirzepatide, since during the dispensing of these medicines it was detected that patients lacked knowledge regarding possible adverse effects and the dietary and physical activity habits they should maintain during treatment. The most frequent adverse effects are gastrointestinal: nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, constipation, abdominal pain; others may also appear such as headache, dizziness, and fatigue, and cases of retinopathy, hypotension, cholelithiasis, and hair loss, among others, have been reported. Data collection will take place during 2026 through various questionnaires and/or interviews with patients who agree to participate in the study. Different questionnaires will be developed to collect important information at each phase of treatment, as well as the outcomes obtained in terms of weight loss and lifestyle habits adopted after initiating pharmacological treatment, in order to perform a statistical analysis of the variables. The main objective of the research will be to assess the results obtained over one year regarding weight loss in patients treated with semaglutide or tirzepatide, as well as adverse effects and, where applicable, rebound effect, and to compare them with the results obtained in other patients from the nutrition service who are not receiving these treatments. With the data obtained, statistical analyses will be carried out to describe the sample, using absolute and relative frequencies for qualitative variables, and means and standard deviations for quantitative ones. Chi-square tests will also be used to compare proportions regarding weight loss, adverse effects, weight maintenance or rebound, and dietary and exercise habits adopted by patients treated with semaglutide or tirzepatide compared with those not using these drugs. In addition, potential DRPs (Drug-Related Problems) and NMOs (Negative Medication Outcomes) will be studied, and health education will be provided, emphasizing the importance of acquiring healthy dietary and physical activity habits. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Abstract (Spanish):	En el año 2024 se comercializa una segunda marca de Semaglutida inyectable autorizada para la indicación de pérdida de peso y también la primera Tirzepatida. Ambas están indicadas como complemento a una dieta baja en calorías y a un aumento de la actividad física para el control de peso, incluida la pérdida y el mantenimiento del peso en adultos con IMC mayor de 27. En la Farmacia Comunitaria contamos con Servicio Farmacéutico Profesional en Nutrición y nos resulta de interés estudiar y comparar los resultados obtenidos por los pacientes que utilizan estos fármacos versus los que únicamente adoptan cambios en los hábitos de vida en cuanto a alimentación y actividad física se refiere, especialmente tras detectar a varios pacientes que han dejado de acudir al servicio de Nutrición alegando que les suponía un gran esfuerzo cuidar la alimentación y aumentar la actividad física y que iban a optar por solicitar a su médico de atención primaria la prescripción de alguno de estos fármacos. Se decide diseñar un protocolo para realizar un estudio de investigación durante el año 2026 que nos permita realizar el seguimiento de los pacientes en tratamiento con Semaglutida inyectable, ya que en la dispensación de estos medicamentos detectamos que los pacientes no conocen algunos datos con relación a los posibles efectos adversos y a los hábitos alimenticios y de actividad física que deben tener durante el proceso de uso de los fármacos. Los efectos adversos más frecuentes son los gastrointestinales: náuseas, vómitos, diarrea, estreñimiento, dolor abdominal. También pueden aparecer otros como cefalea, mareo y fatiga y se han descrito casos de retinopatías, hipotensión, colelitiasis y pérdida de cabello, entre otros. La recogida de datos se realizará durante el año 2026 mediante diferentes cuestionarios y/o entrevistas con los pacientes que acepten participar en el estudio. Se elaboran diferentes cuestionarios para recoger información importante en cada fase del tratamiento, así como los resultados obtenidos en cuanto a pérdida de peso y los hábitos de vida adoptados tras el comienzo del tratamiento con estos fármacos con el fin de hacer análisis estadístico de las variables. El objetivo principal de la investigación será valorar los resultados obtenidos a lo largo de un año en cuando a pérdida de peso en los pacientes tratados con semaglutida, así como los efectos adversos y la aparición en su caso de efecto rebote y compararlos con los resultados obtenidos con otros pacientes del servicio de nutrición que no estén en tratamiento con dicho fármaco. Con los datos obtenidos llevaremos a cabo un análisis estadístico para describir la muestra, para lo que utilizaremos frecuencias absolutas y relativas para las variables cualitativas y medias y desviaciones para las cuantitativas. Se hará también comparación de proporciones Chi cuadrado para comparar los resultados en cuanto a pérdida de peso, efectos adversos, mantenimiento del peso o aparición de efecto rebote y hábitos alimenticios y de ejercicio físico adoptados en los pacientes tratados con semaglutida con los que no utilizan este fármaco. Además, se estudiarán los posibles PRM y RNM y se facilitará educación sanitaria, haciendo hincapié en la importancia de la adquisición de hábitos alimenticios y de actividad física saludables. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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Database:	MedicLatina

Description
Abstract:	In 2024, a second brand of injectable semaglutide was marketed, authorized for the indication of weight loss, along with the first tirzepatide. Both are indicated as an adjunct to a low-calorie diet and increased physical activity for weight control, including weight loss and maintenance, in adults with a BMI greater than 27. In Community Pharmacy, we have a Professional Pharmaceutical Service in Nutrition, and it is of interest to study and compare the outcomes obtained by patients using these drugs versus those who only adopt lifestyle changes in diet and physical activity. This is especially relevant after observing that several patients had stopped attending the Nutrition Service, arguing that maintaining diet and increasing physical activity required too much effort, and that they would instead request a prescription for one of these drugs from their primary care physician. A protocol was therefore designed to conduct a research study during 2026 to allow follow-up of patients treated with injectable semaglutide and tirzepatide, since during the dispensing of these medicines it was detected that patients lacked knowledge regarding possible adverse effects and the dietary and physical activity habits they should maintain during treatment. The most frequent adverse effects are gastrointestinal: nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, constipation, abdominal pain; others may also appear such as headache, dizziness, and fatigue, and cases of retinopathy, hypotension, cholelithiasis, and hair loss, among others, have been reported. Data collection will take place during 2026 through various questionnaires and/or interviews with patients who agree to participate in the study. Different questionnaires will be developed to collect important information at each phase of treatment, as well as the outcomes obtained in terms of weight loss and lifestyle habits adopted after initiating pharmacological treatment, in order to perform a statistical analysis of the variables. The main objective of the research will be to assess the results obtained over one year regarding weight loss in patients treated with semaglutide or tirzepatide, as well as adverse effects and, where applicable, rebound effect, and to compare them with the results obtained in other patients from the nutrition service who are not receiving these treatments. With the data obtained, statistical analyses will be carried out to describe the sample, using absolute and relative frequencies for qualitative variables, and means and standard deviations for quantitative ones. Chi-square tests will also be used to compare proportions regarding weight loss, adverse effects, weight maintenance or rebound, and dietary and exercise habits adopted by patients treated with semaglutide or tirzepatide compared with those not using these drugs. In addition, potential DRPs (Drug-Related Problems) and NMOs (Negative Medication Outcomes) will be studied, and health education will be provided, emphasizing the importance of acquiring healthy dietary and physical activity habits. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
ISSN:	18858619
DOI:	10.33620/FC.2173-9218.(2026).03