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Personalized weight improvement of 3D-printed testicular prostheses using polypropylene.

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Bibliographic Details
Title:	Personalized weight improvement of 3D-printed testicular prostheses using polypropylene.
Alternate Title:	Mejora del peso personalizada en prótesis testiculares impresas en 3D con polipropileno.
Authors:	Liu, Chuanfeng¹ (AUTHOR), Meng, Qian² (AUTHOR), Wang, Weikang² (AUTHOR), Chen, Di² (AUTHOR), Cao, Shouxia² (AUTHOR), Xia, Yongqiang¹ (AUTHOR), Guan, Haifang² (AUTHOR) guanhaifang123@outlook.com
Source:	Cirugía y Cirujanos. jan/feb2026, Vol. 94 Issue 1, p58-64. 7p.
Subjects:	POLYPROPYLENE, PROSTHESIS design & construction, MEDICAL equipment, MATERIALS science, THREE-dimensional printing, CLINICAL medicine, BIOMEDICAL engineering, TESTIS
Abstract (English):	Objective: To develop personalized 3D-printed testicular prostheses using polypropylene (PP) that closely mimic natural testicles in size, shape, and particularly weight. Method: Clinical data from two testicular resection patients were analyzed. Reference testicular density (0.99 g/mL) was derived from three specimens (mean weight: 6.67 g, volume: 6.70 mL). Target prostheses (volume: 16.75 cm³, weight: 16.58 g) were modeled through magnetic resonance imaging/computed tomography scans using SolidWorks/Mimics and printed with PP filament on a Bambu X1-Carbon printer. Comparative experiments with polylactic acid (PLA) included power analysis (Pass21 software) to determine a sample size of 14 (seven per group). Weight and density were compared using independent and single-sample t-tests, respectively. Results: Out of five printing trials, three yielded successful PP prostheses with optimized parameters, whereas two failed due to inadequate supports or material overflow. Among the two groups, PP prostheses exhibited a mean weight of 15.41 ± 1.53 g (vs. target: 16.58 g), whereas PLA prostheses were significantly heavier (19.95 ± 0.93 g, p < 0.001). PP density (0.98 ± 0.01 g/mL) closely matched reference testicles (p = 0.062), whereas PLA density (1.23 ± 0.01 g/mL) deviated significantly (p < 0.001). Conclusions: 3D printing with PP could enable the creation of personalized testicular prostheses that meet clinical needs for size, shape, and particularly weight, potentially improving patient satisfaction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Abstract (Spanish):	Objetivo: Desarrollar prótesis testiculares 3D en polipropileno (PP) personalizadas que repliquen los testículos naturales en tamaño, forma y peso. Método: Analizamos datos de dos pacientes con resección testicular. La densidad testicular (0.99 g/ml) se calculó usando tres especímenes (peso medio: 6.67 g). Las prótesis objetivo (volumen 16.75 cm³, peso 16.58 g) se modelaron mediante RM/TC con Solidworks/Mimics y se imprimieron con PP en una Bambu X1-Carbon. Los experimentos con ácido poliláctico (PLA) incluyeron análisis de potencia (Pass21) con 14 muestras (7 por grupo). El peso y la densidad se compararon mediante pruebas t independientes y de una muestra. Resultados: Tres de cinco intentos produjeron prótesis de PP exitosas, mientras que dos fallaron por soportes inadecuados. Las prótesis de PP tuvieron un peso de 15.41 ± 1.53 g (vs. 16.58 g objetivo), significativamente menor que las de PLA (19.95 ± 0.93 g; p < 0.001). La densidad del PP (0.98 ± 0.01 g/ml) fue comparable a la de los testículos naturales (p = 0.062), mientras que las de PLA (1.23 ± 0.01 g/ml) mostraron una desviación significativa (p < 0.001). Conclusiones: El PP permite fabricar prótesis testiculares 3D que cumplen los requisitos clínicos de tamaño, forma y peso, mejorando potencialmente la satisfacción del paciente. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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Database:	MedicLatina

Description
Abstract:	Objective: To develop personalized 3D-printed testicular prostheses using polypropylene (PP) that closely mimic natural testicles in size, shape, and particularly weight. Method: Clinical data from two testicular resection patients were analyzed. Reference testicular density (0.99 g/mL) was derived from three specimens (mean weight: 6.67 g, volume: 6.70 mL). Target prostheses (volume: 16.75 cm³, weight: 16.58 g) were modeled through magnetic resonance imaging/computed tomography scans using SolidWorks/Mimics and printed with PP filament on a Bambu X1-Carbon printer. Comparative experiments with polylactic acid (PLA) included power analysis (Pass21 software) to determine a sample size of 14 (seven per group). Weight and density were compared using independent and single-sample t-tests, respectively. Results: Out of five printing trials, three yielded successful PP prostheses with optimized parameters, whereas two failed due to inadequate supports or material overflow. Among the two groups, PP prostheses exhibited a mean weight of 15.41 ± 1.53 g (vs. target: 16.58 g), whereas PLA prostheses were significantly heavier (19.95 ± 0.93 g, p < 0.001). PP density (0.98 ± 0.01 g/mL) closely matched reference testicles (p = 0.062), whereas PLA density (1.23 ± 0.01 g/mL) deviated significantly (p < 0.001). Conclusions: 3D printing with PP could enable the creation of personalized testicular prostheses that meet clinical needs for size, shape, and particularly weight, potentially improving patient satisfaction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
ISSN:	00097411
DOI:	10.24875/CIRU.24000587