Bibliographic Details
| Title: |
Evaluación de la capacidad biocontroladora de Bacillus thuringiensis aislados de cultivos de Capsicum sp., sobre Fusarium oxysporum. |
| Alternate Title: |
Evaluation of the biocontrol capacity of Bacillus thuringiensis isolated from Capsicum sp., crops against Fusarium oxysporum. |
| Authors: |
Vanegas-Padilla, Diana Lucía1, Fragoso-Castilla, Pedro José2, Vanegas-Padilla, Angélica Patricia3 dianavanegas1691@hotmail.com |
| Source: |
NOVA: Publicación Científica en Ciencias Biomédicas. jul-dic2025, Vol. 23 Issue 45, p115-137. 23p. |
| Subjects: |
BACILLUS thuringiensis, FUSARIUM oxysporum, PEPPERS, PHYTOPATHOGENIC fungi, PEST control, BIOLOGICAL pest control agents, ANTIFUNGAL agents, SOIL microbiology |
| Abstract (English): |
Introduction. The production of chili peppers in Colombia exceeds 100,000 tons per year; however, the yield of Capsicum spp. has decreased due to the influence of pests and diseases caused by phytopathogenic fungi, leading to losses of over 40%. Chemical control, although widely used, poses significant risks to both the environment and human health, in addition to generating resistance in microorganisms. The use of Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) emerges as an effective biological alternative. Objective. To evaluate the biocontrol capacity of Bacillus thuringiensis isolated from soils cultivated with Capsicum sp. plants in the municipality of San Diego, Cesar, against the phytopathogenic fungus Fusarium oxysporum. Methodology. This project was carried out in three phases. In Phase I, soil samples from chili crops were collected and processed to isolate Bacillus thuringiensis colonies. In Phase II, the isolates were characterized through macroscopic, microscopic, and biochemical analyses, as well as molecular identification using mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF). In Phase III, the antagonistic activity of Bacillus thuringiensis isolates against Fusarium oxysporum was evaluated by measuring the inhibition halos of fungal growth. Statistical analyses were applied to assess significant differences between isolates. Results. Bacillus thuringiensis isolates were successfully selected from soil samples cultivated with Capsicum sp., using effective enrichment isolation techniques, which outperformed the use of sodium acetate. The isolates exhibited typical Bt characteristics, such as Gram-positive bacilli with subterminal spores and Cry protein crystals, confirmed through scanning electron microscopy (SEM) observations. Biochemical tests verified their ability to ferment glucose and sucrose, as well as their production of proteases and amylases. Antagonism tests revealed a variable capacity to inhibit Fusarium oxysporum, with isolates SAN 001 and SAN 004 standing out. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
| Abstract (Spanish): |
Introducción. La producción de ajíes en Colombia supera las 100.000 toneladas anuales, sin embargo, el rendimiento de Capsicum spp., ha disminuido, influido por plagas y enfermedades causadas por hongos fitopatógenos, que causan pérdidas superiores al 40%. El control químico, aunque ampliamente utilizado, conlleva riesgos significativos tanto para el medio ambiente como para la salud humana, además de generar resistencia en microorganismos. El uso de Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) se perfila como alternativa biológica eficaz, Objetivo. Evaluar la capacidad biocontroladora de Bacillus thuringiensis aislados de suelos cultivados con plantas de Capsicum sp., en el municipio de San Diego, Cesar, sobre el hongo fitopatógeno Fusarium oxysporum. Metodología. La ejecución de este proyecto se desarrolló en tres fases. En la Fase I, se recolectaron y procesaron muestras de suelo de cultivos de ají para aislar colonias de Bacillus thuringiensis. En la Fase II, se caracterizaron los aislados mediante análisis macroscópicos, microscópicos y bioquímicos, además de la identificación molecular mediante espectrometría de masas (MALDI-TOF). En la Fase III, se evaluó la actividad antagónica de los aislados de Bacillus thuringiensis sobre Fusarium oxysporum, realizando la medición de los halos de inhibición del crecimiento. Se aplicaron análisis estadísticos para evaluar diferencias significativas entre los aislados. Resultados. Se seleccionaron exitosamente aislados de Bacillus thuringiensis de muestras de suelo cultivadas con Capsicum sp., utilizando técnicas de aislamiento efectivas de enriquecimiento, superior al uso de acetato de sodio. Los aislados mostraron características típicas de (Bt). como bacilos grampositivos con esporas subterminales y cristales proteicos Cry, confirmados por observaciones con microscopía electrónica de barrido (SEM). Las pruebas bioquímicas verificaron su capacidad de fermentar glucosa y sacarosa y la producción de proteasas y amilasas. Las pruebas de antagonismo revelaron una capacidad variable de inhibir Fusarium oxysporum, destacando los aislados SAN 001 y SAN 004. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
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| Database: |
MedicLatina |
