Crianza y desigualdad: la huella de la violencia física infantil.
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| Title: | Crianza y desigualdad: la huella de la violencia física infantil. |
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| Alternate Title: | Parenting and inequality: the impact of physical violence against children. Criação e desigualdade: a marca da violência física infantil. |
| Authors: | Zabaraín Cogollo, Sara J.1 sara.zabarain@campusucc.edu.co, López Ríos, María Alejandra2 psicologamariaalejandra@gmail.com, Fandiño Tabares, Diana Carolina3 dfandino@umanizales.edu.co, Carlos Gutierrez, Juan4 cagutiher23@hotmail.com |
| Source: | Archivos de Medicina (1657-320X). ene-jun2026, Vol. 26 Issue 1, p1-13. 13p. |
| Subjects: | Parenting, Violence, Social stratification, Violence in the community, Family relations, Infants, Mental discipline, Attachment theory (Psychology) |
| Geographic Terms: | Santa Marta (Colombia), Colombia |
| Abstract (English): | Objective: To describe the family and contextual factors, as well as parenting practices, among caregivers of children under four years of age in Santa Marta (Colombia), with an emphasis on those conditions that may be associated with the use of physical violence as a form of discipline. Methodology: A quantitative, cross-sectional, exploratory study was conducted with 57 caregivers involved in programs run by the Colombian Family Welfare Institute (ICBF). Structured and validated surveys were administered to characterize sociodemographic variables, routines, emotional bonds, and disciplinary practices. Data analysis was performed using Jamovi software, with descriptive statistics and national and international ethical criteria. Results: 75.4% of caregivers acknowledged resorting to physical punishment, and 47.4% used aggressive verbal expressions. These behaviors were linked to economic precariousness, community violence (42%), and parental stress. Even with close relationships (94.7%), 30% of children exhibited challenging behaviors. Structured routines and support from family networks acted as protective factors. Conclusions: Physical violence against children reflects structural and emotional causes. Reducing it requires strengthening positive parenting, fostering emotional bonds, and coordinating intersectoral actions that alleviate family stress in vulnerable contexts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
| Abstract (Spanish): | Objetivo: Describir los factores familiares, contextuales y las prácticas de crianza presentes en cuidadores de niños y niñas menores de cuatro años en Santa Marta (Colombia), con énfasis en aquellas condiciones que podrían estar relacionadas con el uso de la violencia física como forma de disciplina. Metodología: Estudio cuantitativo, transversal y de tipo exploratorio, realizado con 57 cuidadores vinculados a programas del Instituto Colombiano de Bienestar Familiar (ICBF). Se aplicaron encuestas estructuradas y validadas para caracterizar variables sociodemográficas, rutinas, vínculos afectivos y prácticas disciplinarias. El análisis de datos se efectuó mediante el software Jamovi, con estadísticos descriptivos y criterios éticos nacionales e internacionales. Resultados: El 75,4 % de los cuidadores reconoció recurrir al castigo físico y el 47,4 % empleó expresiones verbales agresivas. Estas conductas se vincularon con la precariedad económica, violencia comunitaria (42 %) y estrés parental. Aun con relaciones cercanas (94,7 %), el 30 % de los niños mostró comportamientos desafiantes. Las rutinas estructuradas y el apoyo de redes familiares funcionaron como factores protectores. Conclusiones: La violencia física infantil está sustentada en causas estructurales y emocionales. Reducirla exige fortalecer la crianza positiva, fomentar los vínculos afectivos y coordinar acciones intersectoriales que alivien el estrés familiar en contextos vulnerables. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
| Abstract (Portuguese): | Objetivo: Descrever os fatores familiares e contextuais, bem como as práticas de criação, presentes entre os cuidadores de crianças menores de quatro anos em Santa Marta (Colômbia), com ênfase nas condições que possam estar relacionadas ao uso da violência física como forma de disciplina. Metodologia: Foi realizado um estudo quantitativo, transversal e exploratório com 57 cuidadores envolvidos em programas administrados pelo Instituto Colombiano de Bem-Estar Familiar (ICBF). Foram aplicados questionários estruturados e validados para caracterizar variáveis sociodemográficas, rotinas, vínculos afetivos e práticas disciplinares. A análise dos dados foi realizada com o software Jamovi, com estatísticas descritivas e critérios éticos nacionais e internacionais. Resultados: 75,4% dos cuidadores reconheceram recorrer ao castigo físico e 47,4% empregaram expressões verbais agressivas. Esses comportamentos foram associados à precariedade econômica, violência comunitária (42%) e estresse parental. Mesmo com relações próximas (94,7%), 30% das crianças apresentaram comportamentos desafiadores. Rotinas estruturadas e o apoio de redes familiares funcionaram como fatores de proteção. Conclusões: A violência física infantil reflete causas estruturais e emocionais. Reduzi-la exige fortalecer a criação positiva, fomentar vínculos afetivos e coordenar ações intersetoriais que aliviem o estresse familiar em contextos vulneráveis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
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| Database: | MedicLatina |
| Abstract: | Objective: To describe the family and contextual factors, as well as parenting practices, among caregivers of children under four years of age in Santa Marta (Colombia), with an emphasis on those conditions that may be associated with the use of physical violence as a form of discipline. Methodology: A quantitative, cross-sectional, exploratory study was conducted with 57 caregivers involved in programs run by the Colombian Family Welfare Institute (ICBF). Structured and validated surveys were administered to characterize sociodemographic variables, routines, emotional bonds, and disciplinary practices. Data analysis was performed using Jamovi software, with descriptive statistics and national and international ethical criteria. Results: 75.4% of caregivers acknowledged resorting to physical punishment, and 47.4% used aggressive verbal expressions. These behaviors were linked to economic precariousness, community violence (42%), and parental stress. Even with close relationships (94.7%), 30% of children exhibited challenging behaviors. Structured routines and support from family networks acted as protective factors. Conclusions: Physical violence against children reflects structural and emotional causes. Reducing it requires strengthening positive parenting, fostering emotional bonds, and coordinating intersectoral actions that alleviate family stress in vulnerable contexts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
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| ISSN: | 1657320X |
| DOI: | 10.30554/archmed.26.1.5563.2026%20 |
