Ranking de los Programas Nacionales de Inmunizaciones de América Latina, 2021-2022.
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| Title: | Ranking de los Programas Nacionales de Inmunizaciones de América Latina, 2021-2022. |
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| Alternate Title: | Ranking of the National Immunization Programs in Latin America, 2021- 2022. |
| Authors: | Rombini, María Fernanda1 (AUTHOR), Mauas, Romina P.1 (AUTHOR), Katz, Nathalia1 (AUTHOR), Urueña, Analía1 (AUTHOR) uruenaanalia@gmail.com |
| Source: | Medicina (Buenos Aires). may/jun2026, Vol. 86 Issue 3, p585-601. 17p. |
| Subjects: | Vaccination coverage, Vaccination policies, COVID-19 pandemic, Health policy, Latin Americans |
| Geographic Terms: | Panama, Latin America, Costa Rica, Uruguay |
| Abstract (English): | Introduction: In 2019, the Latin American Observatory of National Immunization Programs (NIPs) was created to analyze their situation through an annual ranking. The objective of this study was to evaluate and compare the performance of NIPs in 19 countries in the region between 2021- 2022, during the COVID-19 pandemic. Materials and: methods A retrospective, observatio nal, and descriptive study was conducted on different domains of the NIPs vaccination schedules and cove rage by age group, influenza and COVID-19 vaccination, immunization of special populations, and programatic aspects. Data were collected from official government sources, international health organizations, and inter views with experts from each country. A scoring system was applied to generate the ranking. Results: More than 70% of the countries showed some recovery in vaccination coverage, although not reaching pre-pandemic levels. Chile, Uruguay, Costa Rica, and Panama maintained their leadership of previous years due to complete vaccination schedules and high programmatic standards. The lowest-scoring countries had limited schedules, low coverage rates, and gaps in data transparency and electronic immunization records. Following the decline in 2020-2021, 16 of the 18 evalua ted countries (Venezuela was not compared) improved their scores in 2022. Conclusion: The NIPs ranking serves as a comparative tool to promote improvements in immunization policies across Latin America. The regional priority remains the recovery of vaccination coverage. Furthermore, strength-ening electronic records, data transparency, and political commitment with sustained investment are essential to ensure robust programmatic structures and effective immunization strategies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
| Abstract (Spanish): | Introducción: En 2019 se creó el Observatorio de Pro gramas Nacionales de Inmunización (PNI) de América Latina para analizar su situación mediante un ranking anual. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar y comparar el desempeño de los PNI en 19 países de la región entre 2021-2022, durante la pandemia de COVID-19. Materiales y métodos: Estudio retrospectivo, obser vacional y descriptivo sobre distintos dominios de los PNI calendarios y coberturas de vacunación por grupos etarios, inmunización contra influenza, COVID-19, en poblaciones especiales y aspectos programáticos. Se recopilaron datos de fuentes oficiales gubernamentales, organismos internacionales y entrevistas con expertos de cada país. Se aplicó un sistema de puntuación para generar el ranking. Resultados: Más del 70% de los países mostraron recuperación en las coberturas vacunales, aunque sin alcanzar los niveles previos a la pandemia. Chile, Uru guay, Costa Rica y Panamá mantuvieron el liderazgo de años anteriores gracias a calendarios completos y altos estándares programáticos. Los países con menores puntajes presentaron calendarios acotados, coberturas bajas, brechas en transparencia de datos y registros elec trónicos de inmunización. Tras la caída en 2020-2021, 16 de 18 países (Venezuela no fue comparada) mejoraron su puntuación en 2022. Conclusión: El ranking de los PNI constituye una herramienta comparativa para promover mejoras en las políticas de inmunización en América Latina. La prioridad regional sigue siendo recuperar coberturas vacunales. Asimismo, el fortalecimiento de los registros electrónicos, la transparencia de datos y el compromiso político con inversión sostenida resultan esenciales para garantizar estructuras programáticas sólidas y estrate gias efectivas de inmunización. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
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| Database: | MedicLatina |
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| Abstract: | Introduction: In 2019, the Latin American Observatory of National Immunization Programs (NIPs) was created to analyze their situation through an annual ranking. The objective of this study was to evaluate and compare the performance of NIPs in 19 countries in the region between 2021- 2022, during the COVID-19 pandemic. Materials and: methods A retrospective, observatio nal, and descriptive study was conducted on different domains of the NIPs vaccination schedules and cove rage by age group, influenza and COVID-19 vaccination, immunization of special populations, and programatic aspects. Data were collected from official government sources, international health organizations, and inter views with experts from each country. A scoring system was applied to generate the ranking. Results: More than 70% of the countries showed some recovery in vaccination coverage, although not reaching pre-pandemic levels. Chile, Uruguay, Costa Rica, and Panama maintained their leadership of previous years due to complete vaccination schedules and high programmatic standards. The lowest-scoring countries had limited schedules, low coverage rates, and gaps in data transparency and electronic immunization records. Following the decline in 2020-2021, 16 of the 18 evalua ted countries (Venezuela was not compared) improved their scores in 2022. Conclusion: The NIPs ranking serves as a comparative tool to promote improvements in immunization policies across Latin America. The regional priority remains the recovery of vaccination coverage. Furthermore, strength-ening electronic records, data transparency, and political commitment with sustained investment are essential to ensure robust programmatic structures and effective immunization strategies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
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| ISSN: | 00257680 |
