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Medical large language models are vulnerable to data-poisoning attacks.

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Title: Medical large language models are vulnerable to data-poisoning attacks.
Authors: Alber DA; Department of Neurosurgery, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA. daniel.alber@nyulangone.org.; New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA. daniel.alber@nyulangone.org., Yang Z; Department of Neurosurgery, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA.; Center for Data Science, New York University, New York, NY, USA., Alyakin A; Department of Neurosurgery, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA.; Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA., Yang E; Department of Neurosurgery, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA.; Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, USA., Rai S; Department of Neurosurgery, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA.; Center for Data Science, New York University, New York, NY, USA., Valliani AA; Department of Neurosurgery, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA., Zhang J; Department of Neurosurgery, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA.; Department of Population Health, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA.; Division of Applied AI Technologies, MCIT Department of Health Informatics, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA., Rosenbaum GR; Department of Neurosurgery, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA., Amend-Thomas AK; Department of Neurosurgery, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA., Kurland DB; Department of Neurosurgery, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA., Kremer CM; Department of Neurosurgery, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA.; New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA., Eremiev A; Department of Neurosurgery, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA.; New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA., Negash B; Department of Neurosurgery, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA.; New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA., Wiggan DD; Department of Neurosurgery, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA.; New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA., Nakatsuka MA; Department of Neurosurgery, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA.; New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA., Sangwon KL; Department of Neurosurgery, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA.; New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA., Neifert SN; Department of Neurosurgery, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA., Khan HA; Department of Neurosurgery, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA., Save AV; Department of Neurosurgery, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA., Palla A; Department of Neurosurgery, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA.; New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA., Grin EA; Department of Neurosurgery, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA.; New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA., Hedman M; Department of Neurosurgery, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA., Nasir-Moin M; Department of Neurosurgery, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA.; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA., Liu XC; Department of Neurosurgery, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA.; Electrical and Computer Engineering, Tandon School of Engineering, New York, NY, USA., Jiang LY; Department of Neurosurgery, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA.; Center for Data Science, New York University, New York, NY, USA., Mankowski MA; Department of Surgery, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA., Segev DL; Department of Population Health, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA.; Department of Surgery, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA., Aphinyanaphongs Y; Department of Population Health, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA.; Division of Applied AI Technologies, MCIT Department of Health Informatics, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA., Riina HA; Department of Neurosurgery, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA.; Department of Radiology, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA., Golfinos JG; Department of Neurosurgery, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA.; Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA., Orringer DA; Department of Neurosurgery, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA.; Department of Pathology, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA., Kondziolka D; Department of Neurosurgery, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA.; Department of Radiation Oncology, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA., Oermann EK; Department of Neurosurgery, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA.; Center for Data Science, New York University, New York, NY, USA.; Department of Radiology, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA.; Neuroscience Institute, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA.
Source: Nature medicine [Nat Med] 2025 Feb; Vol. 31 (2), pp. 618-626. Date of Electronic Publication: 2025 Jan 08.
Publication Type: Journal Article
Journal Info: Publisher: Nature Publishing Company Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 9502015 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1546-170X (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 10788956 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Nat Med Subsets: MEDLINE
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  Data: Medical large language models are vulnerable to data-poisoning attacks.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Alber+DA%22">Alber DA</searchLink>; Department of Neurosurgery, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA. daniel.alber@nyulangone.org.; New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA. daniel.alber@nyulangone.org.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Yang+Z%22">Yang Z</searchLink>; Department of Neurosurgery, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA.; Center for Data Science, New York University, New York, NY, USA.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Alyakin+A%22">Alyakin A</searchLink>; Department of Neurosurgery, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA.; Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Yang+E%22">Yang E</searchLink>; Department of Neurosurgery, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA.; Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, USA.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Rai+S%22">Rai S</searchLink>; Department of Neurosurgery, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA.; Center for Data Science, New York University, New York, NY, USA.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Valliani+AA%22">Valliani AA</searchLink>; Department of Neurosurgery, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Zhang+J%22">Zhang J</searchLink>; Department of Neurosurgery, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA.; Department of Population Health, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA.; Division of Applied AI Technologies, MCIT Department of Health Informatics, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Rosenbaum+GR%22">Rosenbaum GR</searchLink>; Department of Neurosurgery, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Amend-Thomas+AK%22">Amend-Thomas AK</searchLink>; Department of Neurosurgery, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Kurland+DB%22">Kurland DB</searchLink>; Department of Neurosurgery, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Kremer+CM%22">Kremer CM</searchLink>; 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Department of Neurosurgery, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA.; New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Neifert+SN%22">Neifert SN</searchLink>; Department of Neurosurgery, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Khan+HA%22">Khan HA</searchLink>; Department of Neurosurgery, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Save+AV%22">Save AV</searchLink>; Department of Neurosurgery, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Palla+A%22">Palla A</searchLink>; Department of Neurosurgery, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA.; New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Grin+EA%22">Grin EA</searchLink>; Department of Neurosurgery, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA.; New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Hedman+M%22">Hedman M</searchLink>; Department of Neurosurgery, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Nasir-Moin+M%22">Nasir-Moin M</searchLink>; Department of Neurosurgery, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA.; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Liu+XC%22">Liu XC</searchLink>; Department of Neurosurgery, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA.; Electrical and Computer Engineering, Tandon School of Engineering, New York, NY, USA.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Jiang+LY%22">Jiang LY</searchLink>; Department of Neurosurgery, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA.; Center for Data Science, New York University, New York, NY, USA.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Mankowski+MA%22">Mankowski MA</searchLink>; Department of Surgery, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Segev+DL%22">Segev DL</searchLink>; Department of Population Health, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA.; Department of Surgery, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Aphinyanaphongs+Y%22">Aphinyanaphongs Y</searchLink>; Department of Population Health, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA.; Division of Applied AI Technologies, MCIT Department of Health Informatics, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Riina+HA%22">Riina HA</searchLink>; Department of Neurosurgery, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA.; Department of Radiology, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Golfinos+JG%22">Golfinos JG</searchLink>; Department of Neurosurgery, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA.; Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Orringer+DA%22">Orringer DA</searchLink>; Department of Neurosurgery, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA.; Department of Pathology, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Kondziolka+D%22">Kondziolka D</searchLink>; Department of Neurosurgery, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA.; Department of Radiation Oncology, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Oermann+EK%22">Oermann EK</searchLink>; Department of Neurosurgery, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA.; Center for Data Science, New York University, New York, NY, USA.; Department of Radiology, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA.; Neuroscience Institute, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%229502015%22">Nature medicine</searchLink> [Nat Med] 2025 Feb; Vol. 31 (2), pp. 618-626. <i>Date of Electronic Publication: </i>2025 Jan 08.
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