Targeting the double-edged sword: cytokines in the pathogenesis and treatment of autoimmune diseases.

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Title: Targeting the double-edged sword: cytokines in the pathogenesis and treatment of autoimmune diseases.
Authors: Dandash F; Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Molecular Immunology, Faculty of Sciences-I, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon., Salhab Z; Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Molecular Immunology, Faculty of Sciences-I, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon., Issa R; Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Molecular Immunology, Faculty of Sciences-I, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon., Al Dirani Z; Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Molecular Immunology, Faculty of Sciences-I, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon., Hamze M; Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Molecular Immunology, Faculty of Sciences-I, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon., Fares G; Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Molecular Immunology, Faculty of Sciences-I, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon., Berro F; Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Molecular Immunology, Faculty of Sciences-I, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon., Shaalan F; Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Molecular Immunology, Faculty of Sciences-I, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon., Hamade A; School of Arts and Sciences, Lebanese American University, Beirut, Lebanon., Merimi M; LBBES Laboratory, Genetics and Immune Cell Therapy Unit, Faculty of Sciences, University Mohammed Premier, 60000, Oujda, Morocco., Najar M; Faculty of Medicine, Université Libre de Bruxelles, ULB721, 1070, Brussels, Belgium., Dakroub R; Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Molecular Immunology, Faculty of Sciences-I, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon., Khreis D; Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Molecular Immunology, Faculty of Sciences-I, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon., Fayyad-Kazan M; College of Arts and Sciences, Department of Natural and Applied Sciences, The American University of Iraq-Baghdad (AUIB), 10001, Baghdad, Iraq. mfayyadk@gmail.com., Fayyad-Kazan H; Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Molecular Immunology, Faculty of Sciences-I, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon. hfayyadk@gmail.com.
Source: Inflammopharmacology [Inflammopharmacology] 2025 Jul; Vol. 33 (7), pp. 3701-3723. Date of Electronic Publication: 2025 Jun 28.
Publication Type: Journal Article; Review
Journal Info: Publisher: Birkhäuser Country of Publication: Switzerland NLM ID: 9112626 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1568-5608 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 09254692 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Inflammopharmacology Subsets: MEDLINE
Database: MEDLINE Ultimate
Description
ISSN:1568-5608
DOI:10.1007/s10787-025-01817-8