Ascorbate for Organ Dysfunction in Critically Ill Patients With Sepsis: The Phase 2b ASTER Trial.

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Title: Ascorbate for Organ Dysfunction in Critically Ill Patients With Sepsis: The Phase 2b ASTER Trial.
Authors: Files DC; Wake Forest University School of Medicine (D. C. F., K. W. G., and C. M.), Winston-Salem, NC; the University of California, San Francisco (M. A. M. and S. F.), San Francisco, the University of California, Los Angeles (S. Y. C., G. W. H., and K. D. L.), Los Angeles, CA; the Vanderbilt University Medical Center (L. B. W. and W. H. S.), Nashville, TN; the Johns Hopkins Hospital (R. G. B.), Baltimore, MD; the University of Colorado (N. R. A. and A. G.), the Denver Health Medical Center (I. S. D.), Denver, CO; Intermountain Health (S. M. B.), the University of Utah (E. S. H.), Salt Lake City, UT; the Cleveland Clinic (A. D.), Cleveland, the University of Cincinnati (R. D. H.), Cincinnati, OH; the Massachusetts General Hospital (A. S. F., K. H., W. H., P. L., and B. T. T.), Boston; the Baystate Medical Center (M. A. T.), Springfield, MA; the Medical University of South Carolina (A. G.), Charleston, SC; the Oregon Health and Science University (C. L. H. and A. K.), the Maine Medical Center (R. R.), Portland, OR; the Mount Sinai Hospital (A. M.), New York, NY; the Harborview Medical Center (B. R. H. R.), University of Washington, Seattle, WA, the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (D. M. Y.), Pittsburgh, PA; and the Virginia Commonwealth University (A. A. F.), Richmond, VA., Matthay MA; Wake Forest University School of Medicine (D. C. F., K. W. G., and C. M.), Winston-Salem, NC; the University of California, San Francisco (M. A. M. and S. F.), San Francisco, the University of California, Los Angeles (S. Y. C., G. W. H., and K. D. L.), Los Angeles, CA; the Vanderbilt University Medical Center (L. B. W. and W. H. S.), Nashville, TN; the Johns Hopkins Hospital (R. G. B.), Baltimore, MD; the University of Colorado (N. R. A. and A. G.), the Denver Health Medical Center (I. S. D.), Denver, CO; Intermountain Health (S. M. B.), the University of Utah (E. S. H.), Salt Lake City, UT; the Cleveland Clinic (A. D.), Cleveland, the University of Cincinnati (R. D. H.), Cincinnati, OH; the Massachusetts General Hospital (A. S. F., K. H., W. H., P. L., and B. T. T.), Boston; the Baystate Medical Center (M. A. T.), Springfield, MA; the Medical University of South Carolina (A. G.), Charleston, SC; the Oregon Health and Science University (C. L. H. and A. K.), the Maine Medical Center (R. R.), Portland, OR; the Mount Sinai Hospital (A. M.), New York, NY; the Harborview Medical Center (B. R. H. R.), University of Washington, Seattle, WA, the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (D. M. Y.), Pittsburgh, PA; and the Virginia Commonwealth University (A. A. F.), Richmond, VA., Ware LB; Wake Forest University School of Medicine (D. C. F., K. W. G., and C. M.), Winston-Salem, NC; the University of California, San Francisco (M. A. M. and S. F.), San Francisco, the University of California, Los Angeles (S. Y. C., G. W. H., and K. D. L.), Los Angeles, CA; the Vanderbilt University Medical Center (L. B. W. and W. H. S.), Nashville, TN; the Johns Hopkins Hospital (R. G. B.), Baltimore, MD; the University of Colorado (N. R. A. and A. G.), the Denver Health Medical Center (I. S. D.), Denver, CO; Intermountain Health (S. M. B.), the University of Utah (E. S. H.), Salt Lake City, UT; the Cleveland Clinic (A. D.), Cleveland, the University of Cincinnati (R. D. H.), Cincinnati, OH; the Massachusetts General Hospital (A. S. F., K. H., W. H., P. L., and B. T. T.), Boston; the Baystate Medical Center (M. A. T.), Springfield, MA; the Medical University of South Carolina (A. G.), Charleston, SC; the Oregon Health and Science University (C. L. H. and A. K.), the Maine Medical Center (R. R.), Portland, OR; the Mount Sinai Hospital (A. M.), New York, NY; the Harborview Medical Center (B. R. H. R.), University of Washington, Seattle, WA, the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (D. M. Y.), Pittsburgh, PA; and the Virginia Commonwealth University (A. A. F.), Richmond, VA., Brower RG; Wake Forest University School of Medicine (D. C. F., K. W. G., and C. M.), Winston-Salem, NC; the University of California, San Francisco (M. A. M. and S. F.), San Francisco, the University of California, Los Angeles (S. Y. C., G. W. H., and K. D. L.), Los Angeles, CA; the Vanderbilt University Medical Center (L. B. W. and W. H. S.), Nashville, TN; the Johns Hopkins Hospital (R. G. B.), Baltimore, MD; the University of Colorado (N. R. A. and A. G.), the Denver Health Medical Center (I. S. D.), Denver, CO; Intermountain Health (S. M. B.), the University of Utah (E. S. H.), Salt Lake City, UT; the Cleveland Clinic (A. D.), Cleveland, the University of Cincinnati (R. D. H.), Cincinnati, OH; the Massachusetts General Hospital (A. S. F., K. H., W. H., P. L., and B. T. T.), Boston; the Baystate Medical Center (M. A. T.), Springfield, MA; the Medical University of South Carolina (A. G.), Charleston, SC; the Oregon Health and Science University (C. L. H. and A. K.), the Maine Medical Center (R. R.), Portland, OR; the Mount Sinai Hospital (A. M.), New York, NY; the Harborview Medical Center (B. R. H. R.), University of Washington, Seattle, WA, the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (D. M. Y.), Pittsburgh, PA; and the Virginia Commonwealth University (A. A. F.), Richmond, VA., Aggarwal NR; Wake Forest University School of Medicine (D. C. F., K. W. G., and C. M.), Winston-Salem, NC; the University of California, San Francisco (M. A. M. and S. F.), San Francisco, the University of California, Los Angeles (S. Y. C., G. W. H., and K. D. L.), Los Angeles, CA; the Vanderbilt University Medical Center (L. B. W. and W. H. S.), Nashville, TN; the Johns Hopkins Hospital (R. G. B.), Baltimore, MD; the University of Colorado (N. R. A. and A. G.), the Denver Health Medical Center (I. S. D.), Denver, CO; Intermountain Health (S. M. B.), the University of Utah (E. S. H.), Salt Lake City, UT; the Cleveland Clinic (A. D.), Cleveland, the University of Cincinnati (R. D. H.), Cincinnati, OH; the Massachusetts General Hospital (A. S. F., K. H., W. H., P. L., and B. T. T.), Boston; the Baystate Medical Center (M. A. T.), Springfield, MA; the Medical University of South Carolina (A. G.), Charleston, SC; the Oregon Health and Science University (C. L. H. and A. K.), the Maine Medical Center (R. R.), Portland, OR; the Mount Sinai Hospital (A. M.), New York, NY; the Harborview Medical Center (B. R. H. R.), University of Washington, Seattle, WA, the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (D. M. Y.), Pittsburgh, PA; and the Virginia Commonwealth University (A. A. F.), Richmond, VA., Brown SM; Wake Forest University School of Medicine (D. C. F., K. W. G., and C. M.), Winston-Salem, NC; the University of California, San Francisco (M. A. M. and S. F.), San Francisco, the University of California, Los Angeles (S. Y. C., G. W. H., and K. D. L.), Los Angeles, CA; the Vanderbilt University Medical Center (L. B. W. and W. H. S.), Nashville, TN; the Johns Hopkins Hospital (R. G. B.), Baltimore, MD; the University of Colorado (N. R. A. and A. G.), the Denver Health Medical Center (I. S. D.), Denver, CO; Intermountain Health (S. M. B.), the University of Utah (E. S. H.), Salt Lake City, UT; the Cleveland Clinic (A. D.), Cleveland, the University of Cincinnati (R. D. H.), Cincinnati, OH; the Massachusetts General Hospital (A. S. F., K. H., W. H., P. L., and B. T. T.), Boston; the Baystate Medical Center (M. A. T.), Springfield, MA; the Medical University of South Carolina (A. G.), Charleston, SC; the Oregon Health and Science University (C. L. H. and A. K.), the Maine Medical Center (R. R.), Portland, OR; the Mount Sinai Hospital (A. M.), New York, NY; the Harborview Medical Center (B. R. H. R.), University of Washington, Seattle, WA, the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (D. M. Y.), Pittsburgh, PA; and the Virginia Commonwealth University (A. A. F.), Richmond, VA., Chang SY; Wake Forest University School of Medicine (D. C. F., K. W. G., and C. M.), Winston-Salem, NC; the University of California, San Francisco (M. A. M. and S. F.), San Francisco, the University of California, Los Angeles (S. Y. C., G. W. H., and K. D. L.), Los Angeles, CA; the Vanderbilt University Medical Center (L. B. W. and W. H. S.), Nashville, TN; the Johns Hopkins Hospital (R. G. B.), Baltimore, MD; the University of Colorado (N. R. A. and A. G.), the Denver Health Medical Center (I. S. D.), Denver, CO; Intermountain Health (S. M. B.), the University of Utah (E. S. H.), Salt Lake City, UT; the Cleveland Clinic (A. D.), Cleveland, the University of Cincinnati (R. D. H.), Cincinnati, OH; the Massachusetts General Hospital (A. S. F., K. H., W. H., P. L., and B. T. T.), Boston; the Baystate Medical Center (M. A. T.), Springfield, MA; the Medical University of South Carolina (A. G.), Charleston, SC; the Oregon Health and Science University (C. L. H. and A. K.), the Maine Medical Center (R. R.), Portland, OR; the Mount Sinai Hospital (A. M.), New York, NY; the Harborview Medical Center (B. R. H. R.), University of Washington, Seattle, WA, the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (D. M. Y.), Pittsburgh, PA; and the Virginia Commonwealth University (A. A. F.), Richmond, VA., Douglas IS; Wake Forest University School of Medicine (D. C. F., K. W. G., and C. M.), Winston-Salem, NC; the University of California, San Francisco (M. A. M. and S. F.), San Francisco, the University of California, Los Angeles (S. Y. C., G. W. H., and K. D. L.), Los Angeles, CA; the Vanderbilt University Medical Center (L. B. W. and W. H. S.), Nashville, TN; the Johns Hopkins Hospital (R. G. B.), Baltimore, MD; the University of Colorado (N. R. A. and A. G.), the Denver Health Medical Center (I. S. D.), Denver, CO; Intermountain Health (S. M. B.), the University of Utah (E. S. H.), Salt Lake City, UT; the Cleveland Clinic (A. D.), Cleveland, the University of Cincinnati (R. D. H.), Cincinnati, OH; the Massachusetts General Hospital (A. S. F., K. H., W. H., P. L., and B. T. T.), Boston; the Baystate Medical Center (M. A. T.), Springfield, MA; the Medical University of South Carolina (A. G.), Charleston, SC; the Oregon Health and Science University (C. L. H. and A. K.), the Maine Medical Center (R. R.), Portland, OR; the Mount Sinai Hospital (A. M.), New York, NY; the Harborview Medical Center (B. R. H. R.), University of Washington, Seattle, WA, the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (D. M. Y.), Pittsburgh, PA; and the Virginia Commonwealth University (A. A. F.), Richmond, VA., Duggal A; Wake Forest University School of Medicine (D. C. F., K. W. G., and C. M.), Winston-Salem, NC; the University of California, San Francisco (M. A. M. and S. F.), San Francisco, the University of California, Los Angeles (S. Y. C., G. W. H., and K. D. L.), Los Angeles, CA; the Vanderbilt University Medical Center (L. B. W. and W. H. S.), Nashville, TN; the Johns Hopkins Hospital (R. G. B.), Baltimore, MD; the University of Colorado (N. R. A. and A. G.), the Denver Health Medical Center (I. S. D.), Denver, CO; Intermountain Health (S. M. B.), the University of Utah (E. S. H.), Salt Lake City, UT; the Cleveland Clinic (A. D.), Cleveland, the University of Cincinnati (R. D. H.), Cincinnati, OH; the Massachusetts General Hospital (A. S. F., K. H., W. H., P. L., and B. T. T.), Boston; the Baystate Medical Center (M. A. T.), Springfield, MA; the Medical University of South Carolina (A. G.), Charleston, SC; the Oregon Health and Science University (C. L. H. and A. K.), the Maine Medical Center (R. R.), Portland, OR; the Mount Sinai Hospital (A. M.), New York, NY; the Harborview Medical Center (B. R. H. R.), University of Washington, Seattle, WA, the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (D. M. Y.), Pittsburgh, PA; and the Virginia Commonwealth University (A. A. F.), Richmond, VA., Gibbs KW; Wake Forest University School of Medicine (D. C. F., K. W. G., and C. M.), Winston-Salem, NC; the University of California, San Francisco (M. A. M. and S. F.), San Francisco, the University of California, Los Angeles (S. Y. C., G. W. H., and K. D. L.), Los Angeles, CA; the Vanderbilt University Medical Center (L. B. W. and W. H. S.), Nashville, TN; the Johns Hopkins Hospital (R. G. B.), Baltimore, MD; the University of Colorado (N. R. A. and A. G.), the Denver Health Medical Center (I. S. D.), Denver, CO; Intermountain Health (S. M. B.), the University of Utah (E. S. H.), Salt Lake City, UT; the Cleveland Clinic (A. D.), Cleveland, the University of Cincinnati (R. D. H.), Cincinnati, OH; the Massachusetts General Hospital (A. S. F., K. H., W. H., P. L., and B. T. T.), Boston; the Baystate Medical Center (M. A. T.), Springfield, MA; the Medical University of South Carolina (A. G.), Charleston, SC; the Oregon Health and Science University (C. L. H. and A. K.), the Maine Medical Center (R. R.), Portland, OR; the Mount Sinai Hospital (A. M.), New York, NY; the Harborview Medical Center (B. R. H. R.), University of Washington, Seattle, WA, the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (D. M. Y.), Pittsburgh, PA; and the Virginia Commonwealth University (A. A. F.), Richmond, VA., Fields S; Wake Forest University School of Medicine (D. C. F., K. W. G., and C. M.), Winston-Salem, NC; the University of California, San Francisco (M. A. M. and S. F.), San Francisco, the University of California, Los Angeles (S. Y. C., G. W. H., and K. D. L.), Los Angeles, CA; the Vanderbilt University Medical Center (L. B. W. and W. H. S.), Nashville, TN; the Johns Hopkins Hospital (R. G. B.), Baltimore, MD; the University of Colorado (N. R. A. and A. G.), the Denver Health Medical Center (I. S. D.), Denver, CO; Intermountain Health (S. M. B.), the University of Utah (E. S. H.), Salt Lake City, UT; the Cleveland Clinic (A. D.), Cleveland, the University of Cincinnati (R. D. H.), Cincinnati, OH; the Massachusetts General Hospital (A. S. F., K. H., W. H., P. L., and B. T. T.), Boston; the Baystate Medical Center (M. A. T.), Springfield, MA; the Medical University of South Carolina (A. G.), Charleston, SC; the Oregon Health and Science University (C. L. H. and A. K.), the Maine Medical Center (R. R.), Portland, OR; the Mount Sinai Hospital (A. M.), New York, NY; the Harborview Medical Center (B. R. H. R.), University of Washington, Seattle, WA, the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (D. M. Y.), Pittsburgh, PA; and the Virginia Commonwealth University (A. A. F.), Richmond, VA., Foulkes AS; Wake Forest University School of Medicine (D. C. F., K. W. G., and C. M.), Winston-Salem, NC; the University of California, San Francisco (M. A. M. and S. F.), San Francisco, the University of California, Los Angeles (S. Y. C., G. W. H., and K. D. L.), Los Angeles, CA; the Vanderbilt University Medical Center (L. B. W. and W. H. S.), Nashville, TN; the Johns Hopkins Hospital (R. G. B.), Baltimore, MD; the University of Colorado (N. R. A. and A. G.), the Denver Health Medical Center (I. S. D.), Denver, CO; Intermountain Health (S. M. B.), the University of Utah (E. S. H.), Salt Lake City, UT; the Cleveland Clinic (A. D.), Cleveland, the University of Cincinnati (R. D. H.), Cincinnati, OH; the Massachusetts General Hospital (A. S. F., K. H., W. H., P. L., and B. T. T.), Boston; the Baystate Medical Center (M. A. T.), Springfield, MA; the Medical University of South Carolina (A. G.), Charleston, SC; the Oregon Health and Science University (C. L. H. and A. K.), the Maine Medical Center (R. R.), Portland, OR; the Mount Sinai Hospital (A. M.), New York, NY; the Harborview Medical Center (B. R. H. R.), University of Washington, Seattle, WA, the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (D. M. Y.), Pittsburgh, PA; and the Virginia Commonwealth University (A. A. F.), Richmond, VA., Ginde A; Wake Forest University School of Medicine (D. C. F., K. W. G., and C. M.), Winston-Salem, NC; the University of California, San Francisco (M. A. M. and S. F.), San Francisco, the University of California, Los Angeles (S. Y. C., G. W. H., and K. D. L.), Los Angeles, CA; the Vanderbilt University Medical Center (L. B. W. and W. H. S.), Nashville, TN; the Johns Hopkins Hospital (R. G. B.), Baltimore, MD; the University of Colorado (N. R. A. and A. G.), the Denver Health Medical Center (I. S. D.), Denver, CO; Intermountain Health (S. M. B.), the University of Utah (E. S. H.), Salt Lake City, UT; the Cleveland Clinic (A. D.), Cleveland, the University of Cincinnati (R. D. H.), Cincinnati, OH; the Massachusetts General Hospital (A. S. F., K. H., W. H., P. L., and B. T. T.), Boston; the Baystate Medical Center (M. A. T.), Springfield, MA; the Medical University of South Carolina (A. G.), Charleston, SC; the Oregon Health and Science University (C. L. H. and A. K.), the Maine Medical Center (R. R.), Portland, OR; the Mount Sinai Hospital (A. M.), New York, NY; the Harborview Medical Center (B. R. H. R.), University of Washington, Seattle, WA, the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (D. M. Y.), Pittsburgh, PA; and the Virginia Commonwealth University (A. A. F.), Richmond, VA., Goodwin A; Wake Forest University School of Medicine (D. C. F., K. W. G., and C. M.), Winston-Salem, NC; the University of California, San Francisco (M. A. M. and S. F.), San Francisco, the University of California, Los Angeles (S. Y. C., G. W. H., and K. D. L.), Los Angeles, CA; the Vanderbilt University Medical Center (L. B. W. and W. H. S.), Nashville, TN; the Johns Hopkins Hospital (R. G. B.), Baltimore, MD; the University of Colorado (N. R. A. and A. G.), the Denver Health Medical Center (I. S. D.), Denver, CO; Intermountain Health (S. M. B.), the University of Utah (E. S. H.), Salt Lake City, UT; the Cleveland Clinic (A. D.), Cleveland, the University of Cincinnati (R. D. H.), Cincinnati, OH; the Massachusetts General Hospital (A. S. F., K. H., W. H., P. L., and B. T. T.), Boston; the Baystate Medical Center (M. A. T.), Springfield, MA; the Medical University of South Carolina (A. G.), Charleston, SC; the Oregon Health and Science University (C. L. H. and A. K.), the Maine Medical Center (R. R.), Portland, OR; the Mount Sinai Hospital (A. M.), New York, NY; the Harborview Medical Center (B. R. H. R.), University of Washington, Seattle, WA, the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (D. M. Y.), Pittsburgh, PA; and the Virginia Commonwealth University (A. A. F.), Richmond, VA., Harris ES; Wake Forest University School of Medicine (D. C. F., K. W. G., and C. M.), Winston-Salem, NC; the University of California, San Francisco (M. A. M. and S. F.), San Francisco, the University of California, Los Angeles (S. Y. C., G. W. H., and K. D. L.), Los Angeles, CA; the Vanderbilt University Medical Center (L. B. W. and W. H. S.), Nashville, TN; the Johns Hopkins Hospital (R. G. B.), Baltimore, MD; the University of Colorado (N. R. A. and A. G.), the Denver Health Medical Center (I. S. D.), Denver, CO; Intermountain Health (S. M. B.), the University of Utah (E. S. H.), Salt Lake City, UT; the Cleveland Clinic (A. D.), Cleveland, the University of Cincinnati (R. D. H.), Cincinnati, OH; the Massachusetts General Hospital (A. S. F., K. H., W. H., P. L., and B. T. T.), Boston; the Baystate Medical Center (M. A. T.), Springfield, MA; the Medical University of South Carolina (A. G.), Charleston, SC; the Oregon Health and Science University (C. L. H. and A. K.), the Maine Medical Center (R. R.), Portland, OR; the Mount Sinai Hospital (A. M.), New York, NY; the Harborview Medical Center (B. R. H. R.), University of Washington, Seattle, WA, the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (D. M. Y.), Pittsburgh, PA; and the Virginia Commonwealth University (A. A. F.), Richmond, VA., Hendey GW; Wake Forest University School of Medicine (D. C. F., K. W. G., and C. M.), Winston-Salem, NC; the University of California, San Francisco (M. A. M. and S. F.), San Francisco, the University of California, Los Angeles (S. Y. C., G. W. H., and K. D. L.), Los Angeles, CA; the Vanderbilt University Medical Center (L. B. W. and W. H. S.), Nashville, TN; the Johns Hopkins Hospital (R. G. B.), Baltimore, MD; the University of Colorado (N. R. A. and A. G.), the Denver Health Medical Center (I. S. D.), Denver, CO; Intermountain Health (S. M. B.), the University of Utah (E. S. H.), Salt Lake City, UT; the Cleveland Clinic (A. D.), Cleveland, the University of Cincinnati (R. D. H.), Cincinnati, OH; the Massachusetts General Hospital (A. S. F., K. H., W. H., P. L., and B. T. T.), Boston; the Baystate Medical Center (M. A. T.), Springfield, MA; the Medical University of South Carolina (A. G.), Charleston, SC; the Oregon Health and Science University (C. L. H. and A. K.), the Maine Medical Center (R. R.), Portland, OR; the Mount Sinai Hospital (A. M.), New York, NY; the Harborview Medical Center (B. R. H. R.), University of Washington, Seattle, WA, the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (D. M. Y.), Pittsburgh, PA; and the Virginia Commonwealth University (A. A. F.), Richmond, VA., Hibbert K; Wake Forest University School of Medicine (D. C. F., K. W. G., and C. M.), Winston-Salem, NC; the University of California, San Francisco (M. A. M. and S. F.), San Francisco, the University of California, Los Angeles (S. Y. C., G. W. H., and K. D. L.), Los Angeles, CA; the Vanderbilt University Medical Center (L. B. W. and W. H. S.), Nashville, TN; the Johns Hopkins Hospital (R. G. B.), Baltimore, MD; the University of Colorado (N. R. A. and A. G.), the Denver Health Medical Center (I. S. D.), Denver, CO; Intermountain Health (S. M. B.), the University of Utah (E. S. H.), Salt Lake City, UT; the Cleveland Clinic (A. D.), Cleveland, the University of Cincinnati (R. D. H.), Cincinnati, OH; the Massachusetts General Hospital (A. S. F., K. H., W. H., P. L., and B. T. T.), Boston; the Baystate Medical Center (M. A. T.), Springfield, MA; the Medical University of South Carolina (A. G.), Charleston, SC; the Oregon Health and Science University (C. L. H. and A. K.), the Maine Medical Center (R. R.), Portland, OR; the Mount Sinai Hospital (A. M.), New York, NY; the Harborview Medical Center (B. R. H. R.), University of Washington, Seattle, WA, the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (D. M. Y.), Pittsburgh, PA; and the Virginia Commonwealth University (A. A. F.), Richmond, VA., Hite RD; Wake Forest University School of Medicine (D. C. F., K. W. G., and C. M.), Winston-Salem, NC; the University of California, San Francisco (M. A. M. and S. F.), San Francisco, the University of California, Los Angeles (S. Y. C., G. W. H., and K. D. L.), Los Angeles, CA; the Vanderbilt University Medical Center (L. B. W. and W. H. S.), Nashville, TN; the Johns Hopkins Hospital (R. G. B.), Baltimore, MD; the University of Colorado (N. R. A. and A. G.), the Denver Health Medical Center (I. S. D.), Denver, CO; Intermountain Health (S. M. B.), the University of Utah (E. S. H.), Salt Lake City, UT; the Cleveland Clinic (A. D.), Cleveland, the University of Cincinnati (R. D. H.), Cincinnati, OH; the Massachusetts General Hospital (A. S. F., K. H., W. H., P. L., and B. T. T.), Boston; the Baystate Medical Center (M. A. T.), Springfield, MA; the Medical University of South Carolina (A. G.), Charleston, SC; the Oregon Health and Science University (C. L. H. and A. K.), the Maine Medical Center (R. R.), Portland, OR; the Mount Sinai Hospital (A. M.), New York, NY; the Harborview Medical Center (B. R. H. R.), University of Washington, Seattle, WA, the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (D. M. Y.), Pittsburgh, PA; and the Virginia Commonwealth University (A. A. F.), Richmond, VA., Hough CL; Wake Forest University School of Medicine (D. C. F., K. W. G., and C. M.), Winston-Salem, NC; the University of California, San Francisco (M. A. M. and S. F.), San Francisco, the University of California, Los Angeles (S. Y. C., G. W. H., and K. D. L.), Los Angeles, CA; the Vanderbilt University Medical Center (L. B. W. and W. H. S.), Nashville, TN; the Johns Hopkins Hospital (R. G. B.), Baltimore, MD; the University of Colorado (N. R. A. and A. G.), the Denver Health Medical Center (I. S. D.), Denver, CO; Intermountain Health (S. M. B.), the University of Utah (E. S. H.), Salt Lake City, UT; the Cleveland Clinic (A. D.), Cleveland, the University of Cincinnati (R. D. H.), Cincinnati, OH; the Massachusetts General Hospital (A. S. F., K. H., W. H., P. L., and B. T. T.), Boston; the Baystate Medical Center (M. A. T.), Springfield, MA; the Medical University of South Carolina (A. G.), Charleston, SC; the Oregon Health and Science University (C. L. H. and A. K.), the Maine Medical Center (R. R.), Portland, OR; the Mount Sinai Hospital (A. M.), New York, NY; the Harborview Medical Center (B. R. H. R.), University of Washington, Seattle, WA, the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (D. M. Y.), Pittsburgh, PA; and the Virginia Commonwealth University (A. A. F.), Richmond, VA., Huang W; Wake Forest University School of Medicine (D. C. F., K. W. G., and C. M.), Winston-Salem, NC; the University of California, San Francisco (M. A. M. and S. F.), San Francisco, the University of California, Los Angeles (S. Y. C., G. W. H., and K. D. L.), Los Angeles, CA; the Vanderbilt University Medical Center (L. B. W. and W. H. S.), Nashville, TN; the Johns Hopkins Hospital (R. G. B.), Baltimore, MD; the University of Colorado (N. R. A. and A. G.), the Denver Health Medical Center (I. S. D.), Denver, CO; Intermountain Health (S. M. B.), the University of Utah (E. S. H.), Salt Lake City, UT; the Cleveland Clinic (A. D.), Cleveland, the University of Cincinnati (R. D. H.), Cincinnati, OH; the Massachusetts General Hospital (A. S. F., K. H., W. H., P. L., and B. T. T.), Boston; the Baystate Medical Center (M. A. T.), Springfield, MA; the Medical University of South Carolina (A. G.), Charleston, SC; the Oregon Health and Science University (C. L. H. and A. K.), the Maine Medical Center (R. R.), Portland, OR; the Mount Sinai Hospital (A. M.), New York, NY; the Harborview Medical Center (B. R. H. R.), University of Washington, Seattle, WA, the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (D. M. Y.), Pittsburgh, PA; and the Virginia Commonwealth University (A. A. F.), Richmond, VA., Khan A; Wake Forest University School of Medicine (D. C. F., K. W. G., and C. M.), Winston-Salem, NC; the University of California, San Francisco (M. A. M. and S. F.), San Francisco, the University of California, Los Angeles (S. Y. C., G. W. H., and K. D. L.), Los Angeles, CA; the Vanderbilt University Medical Center (L. B. W. and W. H. S.), Nashville, TN; the Johns Hopkins Hospital (R. G. B.), Baltimore, MD; the University of Colorado (N. R. A. and A. G.), the Denver Health Medical Center (I. S. D.), Denver, CO; Intermountain Health (S. M. B.), the University of Utah (E. S. H.), Salt Lake City, UT; the Cleveland Clinic (A. D.), Cleveland, the University of Cincinnati (R. D. H.), Cincinnati, OH; the Massachusetts General Hospital (A. S. F., K. H., W. H., P. L., and B. T. T.), Boston; the Baystate Medical Center (M. A. T.), Springfield, MA; the Medical University of South Carolina (A. G.), Charleston, SC; the Oregon Health and Science University (C. L. H. and A. K.), the Maine Medical Center (R. R.), Portland, OR; the Mount Sinai Hospital (A. M.), New York, NY; the Harborview Medical Center (B. R. H. R.), University of Washington, Seattle, WA, the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (D. M. Y.), Pittsburgh, PA; and the Virginia Commonwealth University (A. A. F.), Richmond, VA., Lai P; Wake Forest University School of Medicine (D. C. F., K. W. G., and C. M.), Winston-Salem, NC; the University of California, San Francisco (M. A. M. and S. F.), San Francisco, the University of California, Los Angeles (S. Y. C., G. W. H., and K. D. L.), Los Angeles, CA; the Vanderbilt University Medical Center (L. B. W. and W. H. S.), Nashville, TN; the Johns Hopkins Hospital (R. G. B.), Baltimore, MD; the University of Colorado (N. R. A. and A. G.), the Denver Health Medical Center (I. S. D.), Denver, CO; Intermountain Health (S. M. B.), the University of Utah (E. S. H.), Salt Lake City, UT; the Cleveland Clinic (A. D.), Cleveland, the University of Cincinnati (R. D. H.), Cincinnati, OH; the Massachusetts General Hospital (A. S. F., K. H., W. H., P. L., and B. T. T.), Boston; the Baystate Medical Center (M. A. T.), Springfield, MA; the Medical University of South Carolina (A. G.), Charleston, SC; the Oregon Health and Science University (C. L. H. and A. K.), the Maine Medical Center (R. R.), Portland, OR; the Mount Sinai Hospital (A. M.), New York, NY; the Harborview Medical Center (B. R. H. R.), University of Washington, Seattle, WA, the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (D. M. Y.), Pittsburgh, PA; and the Virginia Commonwealth University (A. A. F.), Richmond, VA., Liu KD; Wake Forest University School of Medicine (D. C. F., K. W. G., and C. M.), Winston-Salem, NC; the University of California, San Francisco (M. A. M. and S. F.), San Francisco, the University of California, Los Angeles (S. Y. C., G. W. H., and K. D. L.), Los Angeles, CA; the Vanderbilt University Medical Center (L. B. W. and W. H. S.), Nashville, TN; the Johns Hopkins Hospital (R. G. B.), Baltimore, MD; the University of Colorado (N. R. A. and A. G.), the Denver Health Medical Center (I. S. D.), Denver, CO; Intermountain Health (S. M. B.), the University of Utah (E. S. H.), Salt Lake City, UT; the Cleveland Clinic (A. D.), Cleveland, the University of Cincinnati (R. D. H.), Cincinnati, OH; the Massachusetts General Hospital (A. S. F., K. H., W. H., P. L., and B. T. T.), Boston; the Baystate Medical Center (M. A. T.), Springfield, MA; the Medical University of South Carolina (A. G.), Charleston, SC; the Oregon Health and Science University (C. L. H. and A. K.), the Maine Medical Center (R. R.), Portland, OR; the Mount Sinai Hospital (A. M.), New York, NY; the Harborview Medical Center (B. R. H. R.), University of Washington, Seattle, WA, the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (D. M. Y.), Pittsburgh, PA; and the Virginia Commonwealth University (A. A. F.), Richmond, VA., Miller C; Wake Forest University School of Medicine (D. C. F., K. W. G., and C. M.), Winston-Salem, NC; the University of California, San Francisco (M. A. M. and S. F.), San Francisco, the University of California, Los Angeles (S. Y. C., G. W. H., and K. D. L.), Los Angeles, CA; the Vanderbilt University Medical Center (L. B. W. and W. H. S.), Nashville, TN; the Johns Hopkins Hospital (R. G. B.), Baltimore, MD; the University of Colorado (N. R. A. and A. G.), the Denver Health Medical Center (I. S. D.), Denver, CO; Intermountain Health (S. M. B.), the University of Utah (E. S. H.), Salt Lake City, UT; the Cleveland Clinic (A. D.), Cleveland, the University of Cincinnati (R. D. H.), Cincinnati, OH; the Massachusetts General Hospital (A. S. F., K. H., W. H., P. L., and B. T. T.), Boston; the Baystate Medical Center (M. A. T.), Springfield, MA; the Medical University of South Carolina (A. G.), Charleston, SC; the Oregon Health and Science University (C. L. H. and A. K.), the Maine Medical Center (R. R.), Portland, OR; the Mount Sinai Hospital (A. M.), New York, NY; the Harborview Medical Center (B. R. H. R.), University of Washington, Seattle, WA, the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (D. M. Y.), Pittsburgh, PA; and the Virginia Commonwealth University (A. A. F.), Richmond, VA., Moskowitz A; Wake Forest University School of Medicine (D. C. F., K. W. G., and C. M.), Winston-Salem, NC; the University of California, San Francisco (M. A. M. and S. F.), San Francisco, the University of California, Los Angeles (S. Y. C., G. W. H., and K. D. L.), Los Angeles, CA; the Vanderbilt University Medical Center (L. B. W. and W. H. S.), Nashville, TN; the Johns Hopkins Hospital (R. G. B.), Baltimore, MD; the University of Colorado (N. R. A. and A. G.), the Denver Health Medical Center (I. S. D.), Denver, CO; Intermountain Health (S. M. B.), the University of Utah (E. S. H.), Salt Lake City, UT; the Cleveland Clinic (A. D.), Cleveland, the University of Cincinnati (R. D. H.), Cincinnati, OH; the Massachusetts General Hospital (A. S. F., K. H., W. H., P. L., and B. T. T.), Boston; the Baystate Medical Center (M. A. T.), Springfield, MA; the Medical University of South Carolina (A. G.), Charleston, SC; the Oregon Health and Science University (C. L. H. and A. K.), the Maine Medical Center (R. R.), Portland, OR; the Mount Sinai Hospital (A. M.), New York, NY; the Harborview Medical Center (B. R. H. R.), University of Washington, Seattle, WA, the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (D. M. Y.), Pittsburgh, PA; and the Virginia Commonwealth University (A. A. F.), Richmond, VA., Riker R; Wake Forest University School of Medicine (D. C. F., K. W. G., and C. M.), Winston-Salem, NC; the University of California, San Francisco (M. A. M. and S. F.), San Francisco, the University of California, Los Angeles (S. Y. C., G. W. H., and K. D. L.), Los Angeles, CA; the Vanderbilt University Medical Center (L. B. W. and W. H. S.), Nashville, TN; the Johns Hopkins Hospital (R. G. B.), Baltimore, MD; the University of Colorado (N. R. A. and A. G.), the Denver Health Medical Center (I. S. D.), Denver, CO; Intermountain Health (S. M. B.), the University of Utah (E. S. H.), Salt Lake City, UT; the Cleveland Clinic (A. D.), Cleveland, the University of Cincinnati (R. D. H.), Cincinnati, OH; the Massachusetts General Hospital (A. S. F., K. H., W. H., P. L., and B. T. T.), Boston; the Baystate Medical Center (M. A. T.), Springfield, MA; the Medical University of South Carolina (A. G.), Charleston, SC; the Oregon Health and Science University (C. L. H. and A. K.), the Maine Medical Center (R. R.), Portland, OR; the Mount Sinai Hospital (A. M.), New York, NY; the Harborview Medical Center (B. R. H. R.), University of Washington, Seattle, WA, the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (D. M. Y.), Pittsburgh, PA; and the Virginia Commonwealth University (A. A. F.), Richmond, VA., Robinson BRH; Wake Forest University School of Medicine (D. C. F., K. W. G., and C. M.), Winston-Salem, NC; the University of California, San Francisco (M. A. M. and S. F.), San Francisco, the University of California, Los Angeles (S. Y. C., G. W. H., and K. D. L.), Los Angeles, CA; the Vanderbilt University Medical Center (L. B. W. and W. H. S.), Nashville, TN; the Johns Hopkins Hospital (R. G. B.), Baltimore, MD; the University of Colorado (N. R. A. and A. G.), the Denver Health Medical Center (I. S. D.), Denver, CO; Intermountain Health (S. M. B.), the University of Utah (E. S. H.), Salt Lake City, UT; the Cleveland Clinic (A. D.), Cleveland, the University of Cincinnati (R. D. H.), Cincinnati, OH; the Massachusetts General Hospital (A. S. F., K. H., W. H., P. L., and B. T. T.), Boston; the Baystate Medical Center (M. A. T.), Springfield, MA; the Medical University of South Carolina (A. G.), Charleston, SC; the Oregon Health and Science University (C. L. H. and A. K.), the Maine Medical Center (R. R.), Portland, OR; the Mount Sinai Hospital (A. M.), New York, NY; the Harborview Medical Center (B. R. H. R.), University of Washington, Seattle, WA, the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (D. M. Y.), Pittsburgh, PA; and the Virginia Commonwealth University (A. A. F.), Richmond, VA., Self WH; Wake Forest University School of Medicine (D. C. F., K. W. G., and C. M.), Winston-Salem, NC; the University of California, San Francisco (M. A. M. and S. F.), San Francisco, the University of California, Los Angeles (S. Y. C., G. W. H., and K. D. L.), Los Angeles, CA; the Vanderbilt University Medical Center (L. B. W. and W. H. S.), Nashville, TN; the Johns Hopkins Hospital (R. G. B.), Baltimore, MD; the University of Colorado (N. R. A. and A. G.), the Denver Health Medical Center (I. S. D.), Denver, CO; Intermountain Health (S. M. B.), the University of Utah (E. S. H.), Salt Lake City, UT; the Cleveland Clinic (A. D.), Cleveland, the University of Cincinnati (R. D. H.), Cincinnati, OH; the Massachusetts General Hospital (A. S. F., K. H., W. H., P. L., and B. T. T.), Boston; the Baystate Medical Center (M. A. T.), Springfield, MA; the Medical University of South Carolina (A. G.), Charleston, SC; the Oregon Health and Science University (C. L. H. and A. K.), the Maine Medical Center (R. R.), Portland, OR; the Mount Sinai Hospital (A. M.), New York, NY; the Harborview Medical Center (B. R. H. R.), University of Washington, Seattle, WA, the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (D. M. Y.), Pittsburgh, PA; and the Virginia Commonwealth University (A. A. F.), Richmond, VA., Tidswell MA; Wake Forest University School of Medicine (D. C. F., K. W. G., and C. M.), Winston-Salem, NC; the University of California, San Francisco (M. A. M. and S. F.), San Francisco, the University of California, Los Angeles (S. Y. C., G. W. H., and K. D. L.), Los Angeles, CA; the Vanderbilt University Medical Center (L. B. W. and W. H. S.), Nashville, TN; the Johns Hopkins Hospital (R. G. B.), Baltimore, MD; the University of Colorado (N. R. A. and A. G.), the Denver Health Medical Center (I. S. D.), Denver, CO; Intermountain Health (S. M. B.), the University of Utah (E. S. H.), Salt Lake City, UT; the Cleveland Clinic (A. D.), Cleveland, the University of Cincinnati (R. D. H.), Cincinnati, OH; the Massachusetts General Hospital (A. S. F., K. H., W. H., P. L., and B. T. T.), Boston; the Baystate Medical Center (M. A. T.), Springfield, MA; the Medical University of South Carolina (A. G.), Charleston, SC; the Oregon Health and Science University (C. L. H. and A. K.), the Maine Medical Center (R. R.), Portland, OR; the Mount Sinai Hospital (A. M.), New York, NY; the Harborview Medical Center (B. R. H. R.), University of Washington, Seattle, WA, the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (D. M. Y.), Pittsburgh, PA; and the Virginia Commonwealth University (A. A. F.), Richmond, VA., Yealy DM; Wake Forest University School of Medicine (D. C. F., K. W. G., and C. M.), Winston-Salem, NC; the University of California, San Francisco (M. A. M. and S. F.), San Francisco, the University of California, Los Angeles (S. Y. C., G. W. H., and K. D. L.), Los Angeles, CA; the Vanderbilt University Medical Center (L. B. W. and W. H. S.), Nashville, TN; the Johns Hopkins Hospital (R. G. B.), Baltimore, MD; the University of Colorado (N. R. A. and A. G.), the Denver Health Medical Center (I. S. D.), Denver, CO; Intermountain Health (S. M. B.), the University of Utah (E. S. H.), Salt Lake City, UT; the Cleveland Clinic (A. D.), Cleveland, the University of Cincinnati (R. D. H.), Cincinnati, OH; the Massachusetts General Hospital (A. S. F., K. H., W. H., P. L., and B. T. T.), Boston; the Baystate Medical Center (M. A. T.), Springfield, MA; the Medical University of South Carolina (A. G.), Charleston, SC; the Oregon Health and Science University (C. L. H. and A. K.), the Maine Medical Center (R. R.), Portland, OR; the Mount Sinai Hospital (A. M.), New York, NY; the Harborview Medical Center (B. R. H. R.), University of Washington, Seattle, WA, the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (D. M. Y.), Pittsburgh, PA; and the Virginia Commonwealth University (A. A. F.), Richmond, VA., Thompson BT; Wake Forest University School of Medicine (D. C. F., K. W. G., and C. M.), Winston-Salem, NC; the University of California, San Francisco (M. A. M. and S. F.), San Francisco, the University of California, Los Angeles (S. Y. C., G. W. H., and K. D. L.), Los Angeles, CA; the Vanderbilt University Medical Center (L. B. W. and W. H. S.), Nashville, TN; the Johns Hopkins Hospital (R. G. B.), Baltimore, MD; the University of Colorado (N. R. A. and A. G.), the Denver Health Medical Center (I. S. D.), Denver, CO; Intermountain Health (S. M. B.), the University of Utah (E. S. H.), Salt Lake City, UT; the Cleveland Clinic (A. D.), Cleveland, the University of Cincinnati (R. D. H.), Cincinnati, OH; the Massachusetts General Hospital (A. S. F., K. H., W. H., P. L., and B. T. T.), Boston; the Baystate Medical Center (M. A. T.), Springfield, MA; the Medical University of South Carolina (A. G.), Charleston, SC; the Oregon Health and Science University (C. L. H. and A. K.), the Maine Medical Center (R. R.), Portland, OR; the Mount Sinai Hospital (A. M.), New York, NY; the Harborview Medical Center (B. R. H. R.), University of Washington, Seattle, WA, the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (D. M. Y.), Pittsburgh, PA; and the Virginia Commonwealth University (A. A. F.), Richmond, VA., Fowler AA; Wake Forest University School of Medicine (D. C. F., K. W. G., and C. M.), Winston-Salem, NC; the University of California, San Francisco (M. A. M. and S. F.), San Francisco, the University of California, Los Angeles (S. Y. C., G. W. H., and K. D. L.), Los Angeles, CA; the Vanderbilt University Medical Center (L. B. W. and W. H. S.), Nashville, TN; the Johns Hopkins Hospital (R. G. B.), Baltimore, MD; the University of Colorado (N. R. A. and A. G.), the Denver Health Medical Center (I. S. D.), Denver, CO; Intermountain Health (S. M. B.), the University of Utah (E. S. H.), Salt Lake City, UT; the Cleveland Clinic (A. D.), Cleveland, the University of Cincinnati (R. D. H.), Cincinnati, OH; the Massachusetts General Hospital (A. S. F., K. H., W. H., P. L., and B. T. T.), Boston; the Baystate Medical Center (M. A. T.), Springfield, MA; the Medical University of South Carolina (A. G.), Charleston, SC; the Oregon Health and Science University (C. L. H. and A. K.), the Maine Medical Center (R. R.), Portland, OR; the Mount Sinai Hospital (A. M.), New York, NY; the Harborview Medical Center (B. R. H. R.), University of Washington, Seattle, WA, the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (D. M. Y.), Pittsburgh, PA; and the Virginia Commonwealth University (A. A. F.), Richmond, VA.
Source: CHEST critical care [CHEST Crit Care] 2025 Sep; Vol. 3 (3). Date of Electronic Publication: 2025 Aug 26.
Publication Type: Journal Article
Journal Info: Publisher: Elsevier, Inc Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 9918681585806676 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 2949-7884 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 29497884 NLM ISO Abbreviation: CHEST Crit Care Subsets: PubMed not MEDLINE
Database: MEDLINE Ultimate
Description
ISSN:2949-7884
DOI:10.1016/j.chstcc.2025.100168