Childhood Maltreatment and Deviations From Normative Brain Structure: A Mega-Analysis of 3711 Individuals From the ENIGMA Major Depressive Disorder and ENIGMA Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Working Groups.

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Title: Childhood Maltreatment and Deviations From Normative Brain Structure: A Mega-Analysis of 3711 Individuals From the ENIGMA Major Depressive Disorder and ENIGMA Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Working Groups.
Authors: Wang HR; Department of Psychology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California; Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California., Liu ZQ; Montréal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada., Pozzi E; Centre for Youth Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Orygen, the National Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental Health, Parkville, Victoria, Australia., Hussain A; Brain Imaging and Analysis Center, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina., Sigar P; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California., Abdallah C; Department of Psychiatry, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas; Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut., Alexander N; Department of Psychiatry, University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany., Baker J; McLean Hospital, Belmont, Massachusetts; Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts., Bauer J; Clinic for Radiology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany., Blackford JU; Munroe-Meyer Institute, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee., Cisler J; University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas., Connolly CG; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida., Cotton A; Division of Cognitive Neuroscience, Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland., Daniels J; Department of Clinical Psychology, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands; Trauma Centrum Beilen, Geestelijke Gezondheidszorg Drenthe, Beilen, the Netherlands., Dannlowski U; Institute for Translational Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany., Densmore M; Department of Psychiatry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada; Imaging Division, Lawson Research Institute, London, Ontario, Canada., deRoon-Cassini T; Division of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery, Department of Surgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin; Comprehensive Injury Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin., Dima D; Department of Psychology, City St. George's, University of London, London, United Kingdom; Department of Neuroimaging, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom., Du Plessis S; Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa; South African Medical Research Council Unit on the Genomics of Brain Disorders, Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa., Etkin A; Stanford University, Stanford, California., Fani N; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia., Fisch L; Institute for Translational Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany., Fitzgerald J; Department of Psychology, Marquette University, Milwaukee, Wisconsin., Frodl T; Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, University Hospital Aachen, Aachen, Germany., Fu CHY; Centre for Affective Disorders, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom; Department of Psychology, University of East London, London, United Kingdom., Gonul AS; Department of Psychiatry, Ege Üniversitesi School of Medicine, Izmir, Turkey., Gordon EM; Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri., Gotlib IH; Department of Psychology, Stanford University, Stanford, California., Goya-Maldonado R; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany., Groenewold NA; Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience Institute, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa., Grotegerd D; Institute for Translational Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany., Hahn T; Institute for Translational Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany., Hamilton JP; Department of Biological and Medical Psychology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway., Han LKM; Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam University Medical Center location, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Mood, Anxiety, Psychosis, Sleep and Stress program, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Mental Health program, Amsterdam Public Health, Amsterdam, the Netherlands., Harpaz-Rotem I; Departments of Psychiatry and of Psychology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut., Haswell CC; Brain Imaging and Analysis Center, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina; Clinical Neuroscience Division, National Center for PTSD, Veterans Affairs (VA) Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, Connecticut., Herringa R; Department of Psychiatry, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin., Herzog J; Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany., Ipser J; Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience Institute, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa., Jahanshad N; Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, University of Southern California, Marina del Rey, California., Jovanovic T; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurosciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan., Kaufman M; McLean Hospital, Belmont, Massachusetts; Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts., Kircher T; Department of Psychiatry, University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany., Konowski M; Institute for Translational Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany., Koopowitz SM; Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience Institute, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa., Krug A; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany., Krystal J; Clinical Neuroscience Division, National Center for PTSD, Veterans Affairs (VA) Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, Connecticut; Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut., Lanius R; Department of Neuroscience, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada., Larson C; Department of Psychology, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, Wisconsin., Lazarov A; School of Psychological Science, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; Irving Medical Center, Columbia University, New York, New York., Lebois L; McLean Hospital, Belmont, Massachusetts; Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts., Leehr E; Institute for Translational Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany., Levy I; Departments of Comparative Medicine, Neuroscience, and Psychology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut., Li M; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Jena, Jena, Germany., Manthey A; Health and Medical University Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany; Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin Campus Charité Mitte: Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany., Maron-Katz A; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, California., McIntosh AM; Institute for Neuroscience and Cardiovascular Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom., McLaughlin KA; Department of Psychology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts; Ballmer Institute for Children's Behavioral Health, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon., Meinert S; Institute for Translational Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany; Institute for Translational Neuroscience, University of Münster, Münster, Germany., Mwangi B; Center of Excellence on Mood Disorders, Louis A. Faillace, MD, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas; School of Behavioral Health Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas., Nelson SM; Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota; Masonic Institute for the Developing Brain, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota., Nenadić I; Department of Psychiatry, University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany., Neria Y; Irving Medical Center, Columbia University, New York, New York., Neufeld R; Departments of Psychology and Psychiatry, Neuroscience Program, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada; Department of Psychology, University of British Columbia, Kelowna, British Columbia, Canada., Ojha A; Center for Neuroscience, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; Center for the Neural Basis of Cognition, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania., Olatunji BO; Department of Psychology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee., Olson EA; Crisis Text Line, New York, New York., Opel N; Institute for Translational Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany; German Center for Mental Health, Berlin, Germany., Peverill M; Department of Psychiatry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin., Ressler K; Division of Depression and Anxiety Disorders, McLean Hospital, Belmont, Massachusetts; Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts., Ross M; Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois., Rosso I; Division of Depression and Anxiety Disorders, McLean Hospital, Belmont, Massachusetts; Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts., Sacchet MD; Meditation Research Program, Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts., Sambrook K; University of Washington, Seattle, Washington., Schmahl C; Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany; German Center for Mental Health, Partner Site Mannheim-Heidelberg-Ulm, Mannheim, Germany., Seedat S; Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa; South African Medical Research Council Unit on the Genomics of Brain Disorders, Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa., Shenton ME; Department of Psychiatry, Mass General Brigham, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts., Sicorello M; Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany; German Center for Mental Health, Partner Site Mannheim-Heidelberg-Ulm, Mannheim, Germany., Sierk A; Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin Campus Charité Mitte: Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany., Soares JC; Center of Excellence on Mood Disorders, Louis A. Faillace, MD, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas; School of Behavioral Health Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas., Stein DJ; South African Medical Research Council Unit on Risk and Resilience in Mental Disorders, Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience Institute, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa., Stein F; Department of Psychiatry, University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany., Stein MB; Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California., Suarez-Jimenez B; Del Monte Institute for Neuroscience, Department of Neuroscience, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, New York., Théberge J; Department of Psychiatry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada; Imaging Division, Lawson Research Institute, London, Ontario, Canada., Thomopoulos SI; Imaging Genetics Center, Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Marina del Rey, California., Tomas C; Comprehensive Injury Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin; Division of Epidemiology and Social Sciences, Institute of Health and Humanity, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin., Usemann P; Department of Psychiatry, University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany., van den Heuvel LL; Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa; South African Medical Research Council Unit on the Genomics of Brain Disorders, Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa., van Rooij SJH; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia., Walter H; Division of Mind and Brain Research, Department for Psychiatry, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany., Walter M; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Jena, Jena, Germany; German Center for Mental Health, Partner Site Halle-Jena-Magdeburg, Jena, Germany., Wang X; Department of Neuroscience and Psychiatry, University of Toledo, Toledo, Ohio., Whalley HC; Institute for Neuroscience and Cardiovascular Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom., Winter NR; Institute for Translational Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany., Wu MJ; Center of Excellence on Mood Disorders, Louis A. Faillace, MD, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas; School of Behavioral Health Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas., Xie H; Department of Neuroscience and Psychiatry, University of Toledo, Toledo, Ohio., Yang TT; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco School of Medicine, San Francisco, California., Zhu X; Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas., Zilcha-Mano S; School of Psychological Science, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel., Zunta-Soares GB; Center of Excellence on Mood Disorders, Louis A. Faillace, MD, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas; School of Behavioral Health Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas., Frangou S; Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York., Thompson PM; Imaging Genetics Center, Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Marina del Rey, California., Salminen L; Imaging Genetics Center, Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Marina del Rey, California., Sun D; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina; Brain Imaging Analysis Center, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina; Department of VA Mid-Atlantic Mental Illness Research, Education and Clinical Center, Durham, North Carolina., Morey R; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina; Brain Imaging Analysis Center, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina; Department of VA Mid-Atlantic Mental Illness Research, Education and Clinical Center, Durham, North Carolina., Stevens JS; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia; Atlanta VA Medical Center, Atlanta, Georgia., Schmaal L; Centre for Youth Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Orygen, the National Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental Health, Parkville, Victoria, Australia., Ho TC; Department of Psychology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California. Electronic address: tiffanycho@ucla.edu.
Source: Biological psychiatry [Biol Psychiatry] 2026 Mar 05. Date of Electronic Publication: 2026 Mar 05.
Publication Type: Journal Article
Journal Info: Publisher: Elsevier Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 0213264 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1873-2402 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 00063223 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Biol Psychiatry Subsets: MEDLINE
Database: MEDLINE Ultimate
Description
ISSN:1873-2402
DOI:10.1016/j.biopsych.2026.02.016