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Infrared thermography and Doppler ultrasonography reveal divergent scrotal thermoregulation strategies in Nelore and composite (5/8 Charolais × 3/8 Bos indicus) beef bulls.

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Title: Infrared thermography and Doppler ultrasonography reveal divergent scrotal thermoregulation strategies in Nelore and composite (5/8 Charolais × 3/8 Bos indicus) beef bulls.
Authors: Ramos GG; School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, Av. Duque de Caxias Norte, 255, Pirassununga, SP, 13635-900, Brazil., Arruda RP; School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, Av. Duque de Caxias Norte, 255, Pirassununga, SP, 13635-900, Brazil., Azevedo GN; Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation, Embrapa Southeastern Livestock, Rod. Washington Luiz, km 234, São Carlos, SP, 13560-970, Brazil., Gonçalves JD; School of Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences, São Paulo State University, Via de acesso Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane, s/n, Jaboticabal, SP, 14884-900, Brazil., Bernardi ACC; Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation, Embrapa Southeastern Livestock, Rod. Washington Luiz, km 234, São Carlos, SP, 13560-970, Brazil., Pedroso AF; Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation, Embrapa Southeastern Livestock, Rod. Washington Luiz, km 234, São Carlos, SP, 13560-970, Brazil., Pinho LF; Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Pará, Av. dos Universitários, s/n, Castanhal, PA, 68746-360, Brazil., Sousa AJC; Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Pará, Av. dos Universitários, s/n, Castanhal, PA, 68746-360, Brazil., Feltrin IR; School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, Av. Duque de Caxias Norte, 255, Pirassununga, SP, 13635-900, Brazil., Garcia AR; Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation, Embrapa Southeastern Livestock, Rod. Washington Luiz, km 234, São Carlos, SP, 13560-970, Brazil; Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Pará, Av. dos Universitários, s/n, Castanhal, PA, 68746-360, Brazil. Electronic address: alexandre.garcia@embrapa.br.
Source: Journal of thermal biology [J Therm Biol] 2026 May; Vol. 138, pp. 104466. Date of Electronic Publication: 2026 Apr 14.
Publication Type: Journal Article
Journal Info: Publisher: Pergamon Press Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 7600115 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 0306-4565 (Print) Linking ISSN: 03064565 NLM ISO Abbreviation: J Therm Biol Subsets: MEDLINE
Database: MEDLINE Ultimate
Description
ISSN:0306-4565
DOI:10.1016/j.jtherbio.2026.104466