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The AI adoption paradox in Chinese medical education: a multi-institution cross-sectional study of usage patterns, critical literacy gaps, and adoption profiles among 3,194 undergraduate medical students.

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Title: The AI adoption paradox in Chinese medical education: a multi-institution cross-sectional study of usage patterns, critical literacy gaps, and adoption profiles among 3,194 undergraduate medical students.
Authors: Zhang Q; Department of Pathology, Xiangya School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China.; Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China., Liu L; Department of Pathology, Xiangya School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China.; Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.; Business School of Central South University, Changsha, China., Li J; Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China., Xing B; State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China., Liu Z; Department of Pathology, Xiangya School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China.; Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China., Liu J; Department of Pathology, Xiangya School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China.; Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China., Li X; Department of Pathology, Xiangya School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China.; Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China., Wang J; Pathology Teaching and Research Section of Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, Shanxi, China., Wang D; School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China., Wang J; Department of Pathology, Xiangya School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China. wang-jp2013@csu.edu.cn.; Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China. wang-jp2013@csu.edu.cn.; Ultrapathology (Biomedical electron microscopy) Center, Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China. wang-jp2013@csu.edu.cn.; FuRong Laboratory, Changsha, China. wang-jp2013@csu.edu.cn.; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China. wang-jp2013@csu.edu.cn.
Source: BMC medical education [BMC Med Educ] 2026 May 13; Vol. 26 (1). Date of Electronic Publication: 2026 May 13.
Publication Type: Journal Article; Multicenter Study
Journal Info: Publisher: BioMed Central Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 101088679 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1472-6920 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 14726920 NLM ISO Abbreviation: BMC Med Educ Subsets: MEDLINE
Database: MEDLINE Ultimate
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  Data: The AI adoption paradox in Chinese medical education: a multi-institution cross-sectional study of usage patterns, critical literacy gaps, and adoption profiles among 3,194 undergraduate medical students.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Zhang+Q%22">Zhang Q</searchLink>; Department of Pathology, Xiangya School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China.; Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Liu+L%22">Liu L</searchLink>; Department of Pathology, Xiangya School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China.; Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.; Business School of Central South University, Changsha, China.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Li+J%22">Li J</searchLink>; Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Xing+B%22">Xing B</searchLink>; State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Liu+Z%22">Liu Z</searchLink>; Department of Pathology, Xiangya School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China.; Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Liu+J%22">Liu J</searchLink>; Department of Pathology, Xiangya School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China.; Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Li+X%22">Li X</searchLink>; Department of Pathology, Xiangya School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China.; Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Wang+J%22">Wang J</searchLink>; Pathology Teaching and Research Section of Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, Shanxi, China.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Wang+D%22">Wang D</searchLink>; School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Wang+J%22">Wang J</searchLink>; Department of Pathology, Xiangya School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China. wang-jp2013@csu.edu.cn.; Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China. wang-jp2013@csu.edu.cn.; Ultrapathology (Biomedical electron microscopy) Center, Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China. wang-jp2013@csu.edu.cn.; FuRong Laboratory, Changsha, China. wang-jp2013@csu.edu.cn.; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China. wang-jp2013@csu.edu.cn.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22101088679%22">BMC medical education</searchLink> [BMC Med Educ] 2026 May 13; Vol. 26 (1). <i>Date of Electronic Publication: </i>2026 May 13.
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  Data: <i>Publisher: </i><searchLink fieldCode="PB" term="%22BioMed+Central%22">BioMed Central </searchLink><i>Country of Publication: </i>England <i>NLM ID: </i>101088679 <i>Publication Model: </i>Electronic <i>Cited Medium: </i>Internet <i>ISSN: </i>1472-6920 (Electronic) <i>Linking ISSN: </i><searchLink fieldCode="IS" term="%2214726920%22">14726920 </searchLink><i>NLM ISO Abbreviation: </i>BMC Med Educ <i>Subsets: </i>MEDLINE
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