Biological subphenotypes in severe acute hypoxaemic respiratory failure and acute respiratory distress syndrome using rapid prospective classification (SPARC) in the USA: a multicentre, observational, study.

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Title: Biological subphenotypes in severe acute hypoxaemic respiratory failure and acute respiratory distress syndrome using rapid prospective classification (SPARC) in the USA: a multicentre, observational, study.
Authors: Files DC; Internal Medicine-Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy and Immunologic Diseases, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA. Electronic address: clark.files@wfusm.edu., Matthay MA; Cardiovascular Research Institute, Departments of Medicine and Anesthesia, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA., Chapple AG; Clinical Data Management and Statistics, Quantum Leap Healthcare Collaborative, San Francisco, CA, USA., Barragan AB; Clinical Data Management and Statistics, Quantum Leap Healthcare Collaborative, San Francisco, CA, USA., Mabrey L; Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA., Gibbs KW; Internal Medicine-Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy and Immunologic Diseases, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA., Krall J; Internal Medicine-Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy and Immunologic Diseases, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA., Aggarwal NR; Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA., Burnham EL; Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA., Liu KD; Departments of Medicine and Anesthesia, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA., Meyer NJ; Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA., Nates JL; Critical Care Department, Division of Anesthesiology, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA., Youssef FA; Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Memorial Care Long Beach Medical Center, Long Beach, CA, USA., Friedman E; Department of Medicine, Main Line Health, Wynnewood, PA, USA., Kett DH; Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA., Koff J; Department of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven CT, USA., Russell DW; Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham Heersink School of Medicine, Birmingham, AL, USA., Calfee CS; Cardiovascular Research Institute, Departments of Medicine and Anesthesia, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA., Eklund M; Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden., Esserman LJ; Department of Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Source: The Lancet. Respiratory medicine [Lancet Respir Med] 2026 Jul; Vol. 14 (7), pp. 601-608. Date of Electronic Publication: 2026 May 15.
Publication Type: Journal Article; Observational Study; Multicenter Study
Journal Info: Publisher: Elsevier Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 101605555 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 2213-2619 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 22132600 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Lancet Respir Med Subsets: MEDLINE
Database: MEDLINE Ultimate
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  Data: Biological subphenotypes in severe acute hypoxaemic respiratory failure and acute respiratory distress syndrome using rapid prospective classification (SPARC) in the USA: a multicentre, observational, study.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Files+DC%22">Files DC</searchLink>; Internal Medicine-Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy and Immunologic Diseases, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA. Electronic address: clark.files@wfusm.edu.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Matthay+MA%22">Matthay MA</searchLink>; Cardiovascular Research Institute, Departments of Medicine and Anesthesia, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Chapple+AG%22">Chapple AG</searchLink>; Clinical Data Management and Statistics, Quantum Leap Healthcare Collaborative, San Francisco, CA, USA.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Barragan+AB%22">Barragan AB</searchLink>; Clinical Data Management and Statistics, Quantum Leap Healthcare Collaborative, San Francisco, CA, USA.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Mabrey+L%22">Mabrey L</searchLink>; Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Gibbs+KW%22">Gibbs KW</searchLink>; Internal Medicine-Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy and Immunologic Diseases, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Krall+J%22">Krall J</searchLink>; Internal Medicine-Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy and Immunologic Diseases, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Aggarwal+NR%22">Aggarwal NR</searchLink>; Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Burnham+EL%22">Burnham EL</searchLink>; Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Liu+KD%22">Liu KD</searchLink>; Departments of Medicine and Anesthesia, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Meyer+NJ%22">Meyer NJ</searchLink>; Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Nates+JL%22">Nates JL</searchLink>; Critical Care Department, Division of Anesthesiology, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Youssef+FA%22">Youssef FA</searchLink>; Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Memorial Care Long Beach Medical Center, Long Beach, CA, USA.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Friedman+E%22">Friedman E</searchLink>; Department of Medicine, Main Line Health, Wynnewood, PA, USA.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Kett+DH%22">Kett DH</searchLink>; Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Koff+J%22">Koff J</searchLink>; Department of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven CT, USA.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Russell+DW%22">Russell DW</searchLink>; Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham Heersink School of Medicine, Birmingham, AL, USA.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Calfee+CS%22">Calfee CS</searchLink>; Cardiovascular Research Institute, Departments of Medicine and Anesthesia, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Eklund+M%22">Eklund M</searchLink>; Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.<br /><searchLink fieldCode="AU" term="%22Esserman+LJ%22">Esserman LJ</searchLink>; Department of Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22101605555%22">The Lancet. Respiratory medicine</searchLink> [Lancet Respir Med] 2026 Jul; Vol. 14 (7), pp. 601-608. <i>Date of Electronic Publication: </i>2026 May 15.
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  Data: <i>Publisher: </i><searchLink fieldCode="PB" term="%22Elsevier%22">Elsevier </searchLink><i>Country of Publication: </i>England <i>NLM ID: </i>101605555 <i>Publication Model: </i>Print-Electronic <i>Cited Medium: </i>Internet <i>ISSN: </i>2213-2619 (Electronic) <i>Linking ISSN: </i><searchLink fieldCode="IS" term="%2222132600%22">22132600 </searchLink><i>NLM ISO Abbreviation: </i>Lancet Respir Med <i>Subsets: </i>MEDLINE
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