Controlled image-based prediction of soil nutrient concentrations (NPK) using machine and deep learning.
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| Title: | Controlled image-based prediction of soil nutrient concentrations (NPK) using machine and deep learning. |
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| Authors: | Maqsood U; School of Computer Science, Taylors University, Subang Jaya, Malaysia., Karamat Ullah Khan T; School of Computer Science, Taylors University, Subang Jaya, Malaysia.; Foundation University, Islamabad, Pakistan., Jhanjhi NZ; School of Computing and Artificial Intelligence, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Sunway University, Bandar Sunway, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.; Office of Research and Development, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan., Sattar K; University Institute of Information Technology, PMAS Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan., Iftikhar F; Department of Engineering Technology, Foundation University, Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan., Imtiaz Ali N; Department of Applied Data Engineering, Fakulti Teknologi Maklumat dan Komunikasi, Universiti Teknikal Malaysia, Melaka, Malaysia., Mehmood RM; Centre for Advanced Analytics, COE for Artificial Intelligence, Multimedia University, Persiaran Multimedia, Cyberjaya, Selangor, Malaysia.; Faculty of Computing and Informatics, Multimedia University, Persiaran Multimedia, Cyberjaya, Selangor, Malaysia. |
| Source: | PloS one [PLoS One] 2026 Oct 27; Vol. 21 (10), pp. e0360517. Date of Electronic Publication: 2026 Oct 27 (Print Publication: 2026). |
| Publication Type: | Journal Article |
| Journal Info: | Publisher: Public Library of Science Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 101285081 Publication Model: eCollection Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1932-6203 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 19326203 NLM ISO Abbreviation: PLoS One Subsets: MEDLINE |
| Database: | MEDLINE Ultimate |
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| ISSN: | 1932-6203 |
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| DOI: | 10.1371/journal.pone.0360517 |
