Positive Perceptions of Parenting and their Links to Theorized Core Emotional Needs.
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| Title: | Positive Perceptions of Parenting and their Links to Theorized Core Emotional Needs. |
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| Authors: | Louis, John P. (AUTHOR), Davidson, Adam T. (AUTHOR), Lockwood, George (AUTHOR), Wood, Alex (AUTHOR) |
| Source: | Journal of Child & Family Studies. Dec2020, Vol. 29 Issue 12, p3342-3356. 15p. 9 Charts. |
| Subjects: | Parenting, Sensory perception, Emotions, Psychology of fathers, Psychology of mothers, Adaptability (Personality), Need (Psychology), Cognition, Fathers, Medical research, Mothers, Structural equation modeling, Parent attitudes |
| Geographic Terms: | Singapore, Philippines, Indonesia, United States |
| Abstract: | Central to the theory underpinning schema therapy is a hierarchically structured model where maladaptive and adaptive schemas are manifestations of higher order core emotional needs which emerge through specific parenting conditions. Despite widespread use in therapy, the hierarchical model of adaptive schemas has not been tested nor has it been linked to recollections of positive parenting patterns. In Study 1, both single and multigroup confirmatory factor analysis on Eastern (Singapore, n = 628; Kuala Lumpur, n = 229) and Western (United States, n = 214) samples tested the hierarchical structure of positive schemas and provided further evidence of four types of core emotional needs. They ran in parallel with the previously established four negative counterparts of unmet core emotional needs derived from other studies of second order maladaptive schemas. Since schemas theoretically develop during childhood, Study 2 explored links between positive recollections of parenting with the model of core emotional needs obtained from Study 1. Using samples with separate ratings for fathers and mothers from Manila (Philippines; n = 520, 538), Jakarta (Indonesia; n = 366, 383) and the United States (n = 204, 214), and utilizing structural equation modeling, statistically significant positive relationships were found between these higher order solutions of recollections of positive parenting patterns and the theorized four core emotional needs which were believed to be represented by these higher order adaptive schemas. This supported a core assumption of schema therapy. Highlights: The four-factor model of higher order positive schemas was the most robust. The four-factor model is believed to represent four core emotional needs. The model runs fairly parallel with four higher orders of negative schemas. Positive schemas were linked with past positive parenting patterns. Schema therapy should consider revising its model of core emotional needs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
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| Database: | Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection |
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| Abstract: | Central to the theory underpinning schema therapy is a hierarchically structured model where maladaptive and adaptive schemas are manifestations of higher order core emotional needs which emerge through specific parenting conditions. Despite widespread use in therapy, the hierarchical model of adaptive schemas has not been tested nor has it been linked to recollections of positive parenting patterns. In Study 1, both single and multigroup confirmatory factor analysis on Eastern (Singapore, n = 628; Kuala Lumpur, n = 229) and Western (United States, n = 214) samples tested the hierarchical structure of positive schemas and provided further evidence of four types of core emotional needs. They ran in parallel with the previously established four negative counterparts of unmet core emotional needs derived from other studies of second order maladaptive schemas. Since schemas theoretically develop during childhood, Study 2 explored links between positive recollections of parenting with the model of core emotional needs obtained from Study 1. Using samples with separate ratings for fathers and mothers from Manila (Philippines; n = 520, 538), Jakarta (Indonesia; n = 366, 383) and the United States (n = 204, 214), and utilizing structural equation modeling, statistically significant positive relationships were found between these higher order solutions of recollections of positive parenting patterns and the theorized four core emotional needs which were believed to be represented by these higher order adaptive schemas. This supported a core assumption of schema therapy. Highlights: The four-factor model of higher order positive schemas was the most robust. The four-factor model is believed to represent four core emotional needs. The model runs fairly parallel with four higher orders of negative schemas. Positive schemas were linked with past positive parenting patterns. Schema therapy should consider revising its model of core emotional needs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
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| ISSN: | 10621024 |
| DOI: | 10.1007/s10826-020-01807-0 |
