Kinematic adaptations to movement-evoked pain experimentally induced in the lumbar region.

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Bibliographic Details
Title:	Kinematic adaptations to movement-evoked pain experimentally induced in the lumbar region.
Authors:	Devecchi, V., Falla, D., Cabral, H., Abboud, J., Hodges, P. W., Gallina, A.
Source:	Pain Practice. 2022 Supplement, Vol. 22, p22-22. 1/2p.
Subjects:	Lumbar pain, Conferences & conventions, Nociceptors, Electric stimulation, Kinematics
Geographic Terms:	Netherlands
Abstract:	Introduction: Pain is a motivational stimulus that influences motor behaviour. To identify whether motor adaptation may be a purposeful strategy to avoid pain-provocative movements, we investigated kinematic adaptations to experimentally induced pain modulated by lumbar flexion. Methods: Sixteen healthy adults performed a lifting task consisting of 15 sets of 10 cycles each. Pain was induced in the lumbosacral region (sets 3-13) using electrical stimulation modulated in real-time3 to induce pain intensity of 5/10 when lumbar flexion was equal or higher than the peak flexion recorded at baseline. Repeated-measures ANOVA followed by post-hoc analyses were conducted to assess changes in lumbar kinematics between baseline (sets 1-2), early adaptation (sets 3-4), late adaptation (sets 12-13), and post-pain (sets 14-15). Results: Compared to baseline, participants reduced lumbar flexion in the late adaptation (p < 0.05) and post-pain (p < 0.05), and increased lumbar extension during both early (p < 0.05) and late adaptation (p < 0.05). The reduction of lumbar flexion during late adaptation was inversely associated to reported pain intensity (r = -0.52, p < 0.05). Discussion: When pain is modulated by lumbar flexion, individuals increase lumbar extension and learn to reduce lumbar flexion over time to limit pain. The adopted movement strategy (reduction in lumbar flexion) was maintained after pain resolution. Process evaluation: Pain perception could be affected by habituation to electrical stimulation and exercise-induced hypoalgesia. To ensure consistency across trials, the pain threshold was regularly reassessed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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Database:	Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection

Description
Abstract:	Introduction: Pain is a motivational stimulus that influences motor behaviour. To identify whether motor adaptation may be a purposeful strategy to avoid pain-provocative movements, we investigated kinematic adaptations to experimentally induced pain modulated by lumbar flexion. Methods: Sixteen healthy adults performed a lifting task consisting of 15 sets of 10 cycles each. Pain was induced in the lumbosacral region (sets 3-13) using electrical stimulation modulated in real-time3 to induce pain intensity of 5/10 when lumbar flexion was equal or higher than the peak flexion recorded at baseline. Repeated-measures ANOVA followed by post-hoc analyses were conducted to assess changes in lumbar kinematics between baseline (sets 1-2), early adaptation (sets 3-4), late adaptation (sets 12-13), and post-pain (sets 14-15). Results: Compared to baseline, participants reduced lumbar flexion in the late adaptation (p < 0.05) and post-pain (p < 0.05), and increased lumbar extension during both early (p < 0.05) and late adaptation (p < 0.05). The reduction of lumbar flexion during late adaptation was inversely associated to reported pain intensity (r = -0.52, p < 0.05). Discussion: When pain is modulated by lumbar flexion, individuals increase lumbar extension and learn to reduce lumbar flexion over time to limit pain. The adopted movement strategy (reduction in lumbar flexion) was maintained after pain resolution. Process evaluation: Pain perception could be affected by habituation to electrical stimulation and exercise-induced hypoalgesia. To ensure consistency across trials, the pain threshold was regularly reassessed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
ISSN:	15307085
DOI:	10.1111/papr.13128