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Obstetric complications and cognition in schizophrenia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

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Title: Obstetric complications and cognition in schizophrenia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Authors: Amoretti, Silvia, Rabelo-da-Ponte, Francisco Diego, Garriga, Marina, Forte, Maria Florencia, Penadés, Rafael, Vieta, Eduard, Parellada, Eduard, Ramos-Quiroga, Josep Antoni, Gama, Clarissa S., Verdolini, Norma, Bitanihirwe, Byron, Garcia-Rizo, Clemente
Source: Psychological Medicine. Oct2022, Vol. 52 Issue 14, p2874-2884. 11p.
Subjects: Schizophrenia risk factors, Cognition disorder risk factors, Online information services, Medical databases, Memory, Brain, Human growth, Cognition disorders, Meta-analysis, Medical information storage & retrieval systems, Systematic reviews, Functional status, Schizophrenia, Cognition, Risk assessment, Labor complications (Obstetrics), MEDLINE
Abstract: Background: Schizophrenia (SZ) is a complex brain disorder linked to cognitive and neurostructural abnormalities that involves genetic and environmental factors with obstetric complications (OCs) at birth conferring a high risk for the disease. Indeed, current research in the general population describes the deleterious effect of OCs on cognitive performance in adulthood. With this rationale, we aim to review the relationship between OCs and cognition in SZ and related psychotic disorders. Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis describing cognitive function and OCs in patients with SZ and related disorders were conducted. PubMed, EmBase, SCOPUS, and the Cochrane Library were systematically searched to identify eligible studies up to January 2022. We calculated the effect sizes (Hedges' g) of cognitive domains within each study and quantified the proportion of between-study variability using the I 2 statistic. Homogeneity was assessed using the Q -statistic (X 2). The study was registered on PROSPERO (CRD42018094238). Results: A total of 4124 studies were retrieved, with 10 studies meeting inclusion criteria for the systematic review and eight for meta-analysis. SZ subjects with OCs showed poor verbal memory [Hedges' g = −0.89 (95% CI −1.41 to −0.37), p < 0.001] and working memory performance [Hedges' g = −1.47 (95% CI −2.89 to −0.06), p = 0.01] in a random-effect model compared to those without OCs. Conclusions: OCs appear to have a moderate impact on specific cognitive such as working memory and verbal memory. Our findings suggest that OCs are associated with brain development and might underlie the cognitive abnormalities described at onset of psychosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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Database: Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection
Description
Abstract:Background: Schizophrenia (SZ) is a complex brain disorder linked to cognitive and neurostructural abnormalities that involves genetic and environmental factors with obstetric complications (OCs) at birth conferring a high risk for the disease. Indeed, current research in the general population describes the deleterious effect of OCs on cognitive performance in adulthood. With this rationale, we aim to review the relationship between OCs and cognition in SZ and related psychotic disorders. Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis describing cognitive function and OCs in patients with SZ and related disorders were conducted. PubMed, EmBase, SCOPUS, and the Cochrane Library were systematically searched to identify eligible studies up to January 2022. We calculated the effect sizes (Hedges' g) of cognitive domains within each study and quantified the proportion of between-study variability using the I 2 statistic. Homogeneity was assessed using the Q -statistic (X 2). The study was registered on PROSPERO (CRD42018094238). Results: A total of 4124 studies were retrieved, with 10 studies meeting inclusion criteria for the systematic review and eight for meta-analysis. SZ subjects with OCs showed poor verbal memory [Hedges' g = −0.89 (95% CI −1.41 to −0.37), p < 0.001] and working memory performance [Hedges' g = −1.47 (95% CI −2.89 to −0.06), p = 0.01] in a random-effect model compared to those without OCs. Conclusions: OCs appear to have a moderate impact on specific cognitive such as working memory and verbal memory. Our findings suggest that OCs are associated with brain development and might underlie the cognitive abnormalities described at onset of psychosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
ISSN:00332917
DOI:10.1017/S0033291722002409