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Mental health of transgender people in prison: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

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Title: Mental health of transgender people in prison: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Authors: Marchi, Mattia, Corbellini, Ilaria, Vaccari, Emma, Pingani, Luca, Ferrari, Silvia, Amaddeo, Francesco, Converti, Manlio, Fiorillo, Andrea, Mirandola, Massimo, Pinna, Federica, Ventriglio, Antonio, Galeazzi, Gian M.
Source: International Review of Psychiatry. Nov2024, Vol. 36 Issue 7, p714-728. 15p.
Subjects: Suicide risk factors, Mental depression risk factors, Health services accessibility, Medical information storage & retrieval systems, Post-traumatic stress disorder, Safety, Mental health, Correctional institutions, Social determinants of health, Gender identity, Transgender people, Gender affirming care, CINAHL database, Prisoners, Meta-analysis, Descriptive statistics, Systematic reviews, MEDLINE, Odds ratio, Medical needs assessment, Sexual minorities, Confidence intervals, Psychosocial factors, Psychology information storage & retrieval systems
Abstract: This systematic review aims to explore the condition of Transgender Inmates (TGI) in correctional facilities (CF), focusing on their mental health, their access to Gender-affirming Treatments (GAT), and their placement within the CF. Medline, Embase, Scopus, PsychInfo, and CINAHL were searched for studies on TGI in CF. Pooled Odds Ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence interval (95%CI) were estimated through inverse variance models with random-effects. A narrative synthesis of each study's findings was also performed since only a few studies included a control group. Thirteen studies were selected and four considered in the meta-analysis, corresponding to 1,255 TGI and 174,314 controls. Although limited by the small number of studies, the meta-analysis showed that TGI have a higher risk of depression, post-traumatic stress disorder, and suicide attempts during detention than the controls (OR = 3.07, 95% CI = 1.33–7.06; OR = 2.23, 95% CI = 1.46–3.43; OR = 2.25, 95% CI = 1.46–3.49, respectively). Limited access to GAT and housing based on sex assigned at birth rather than gender identity were additional challenges for TGI, threatening their safety and self-affirmation. Our findings highlight the critical role of incarceration as a social determinant of health for TGI. A comprehensive policy reform and staff education should be promoted to foster inclusive and supportive correctional environments and improve safety and health of TGI. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Copyright of International Review of Psychiatry is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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  Data: Mental health of transgender people in prison: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Marchi%2C+Mattia%22">Marchi, Mattia</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Corbellini%2C+Ilaria%22">Corbellini, Ilaria</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Vaccari%2C+Emma%22">Vaccari, Emma</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Pingani%2C+Luca%22">Pingani, Luca</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Ferrari%2C+Silvia%22">Ferrari, Silvia</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Amaddeo%2C+Francesco%22">Amaddeo, Francesco</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Converti%2C+Manlio%22">Converti, Manlio</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Fiorillo%2C+Andrea%22">Fiorillo, Andrea</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Mirandola%2C+Massimo%22">Mirandola, Massimo</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Pinna%2C+Federica%22">Pinna, Federica</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Ventriglio%2C+Antonio%22">Ventriglio, Antonio</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Galeazzi%2C+Gian+M%2E%22">Galeazzi, Gian M.</searchLink>
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="JN" term="%22International+Review+of+Psychiatry%22">International Review of Psychiatry</searchLink>. Nov2024, Vol. 36 Issue 7, p714-728. 15p.
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  Data: <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Suicide+risk+factors%22">Suicide risk factors</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Mental+depression+risk+factors%22">Mental depression risk factors</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Health+services+accessibility%22">Health services accessibility</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Medical+information+storage+%26+retrieval+systems%22">Medical information storage & retrieval systems</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Post-traumatic+stress+disorder%22">Post-traumatic stress disorder</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Safety%22">Safety</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Mental+health%22">Mental health</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Correctional+institutions%22">Correctional institutions</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Social+determinants+of+health%22">Social determinants of health</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Gender+identity%22">Gender identity</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Transgender+people%22">Transgender people</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Gender+affirming+care%22">Gender affirming care</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22CINAHL+database%22">CINAHL database</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Prisoners%22">Prisoners</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Meta-analysis%22">Meta-analysis</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Descriptive+statistics%22">Descriptive statistics</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Systematic+reviews%22">Systematic reviews</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22MEDLINE%22">MEDLINE</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Odds+ratio%22">Odds ratio</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Medical+needs+assessment%22">Medical needs assessment</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Sexual+minorities%22">Sexual minorities</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Confidence+intervals%22">Confidence intervals</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Psychosocial+factors%22">Psychosocial factors</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Psychology+information+storage+%26+retrieval+systems%22">Psychology information storage & retrieval systems</searchLink>
– Name: Abstract
  Label: Abstract
  Group: Ab
  Data: This systematic review aims to explore the condition of Transgender Inmates (TGI) in correctional facilities (CF), focusing on their mental health, their access to Gender-affirming Treatments (GAT), and their placement within the CF. Medline, Embase, Scopus, PsychInfo, and CINAHL were searched for studies on TGI in CF. Pooled Odds Ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence interval (95%CI) were estimated through inverse variance models with random-effects. A narrative synthesis of each study's findings was also performed since only a few studies included a control group. Thirteen studies were selected and four considered in the meta-analysis, corresponding to 1,255 TGI and 174,314 controls. Although limited by the small number of studies, the meta-analysis showed that TGI have a higher risk of depression, post-traumatic stress disorder, and suicide attempts during detention than the controls (OR = 3.07, 95% CI = 1.33–7.06; OR = 2.23, 95% CI = 1.46–3.43; OR = 2.25, 95% CI = 1.46–3.49, respectively). Limited access to GAT and housing based on sex assigned at birth rather than gender identity were additional challenges for TGI, threatening their safety and self-affirmation. Our findings highlight the critical role of incarceration as a social determinant of health for TGI. A comprehensive policy reform and staff education should be promoted to foster inclusive and supportive correctional environments and improve safety and health of TGI. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
– Name: AbstractSuppliedCopyright
  Label:
  Group: Ab
  Data: <i>Copyright of International Review of Psychiatry is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites without the copyright holder's express written permission. Additionally, content may not be used with any artificial intelligence tools or machine learning technologies. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract.</i> (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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RecordInfo BibRecord:
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      – Type: doi
        Value: 10.1080/09540261.2023.2287680
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        Text: English
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      – SubjectFull: Gender identity
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      – SubjectFull: Transgender people
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