Electron collision in a two-path graphene interferometer.
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| Title: | Electron collision in a two-path graphene interferometer. |
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| Authors: | Chakraborti, H., Pugliese, L., Assouline, A., Watanabe, K., Taniguchi, T., Kumada, N., Glattli, D. C., Jo, M., Sim, H.-S., Roulleau, P. |
| Source: | Science. 5/1/2025, Vol. 388 Issue 6746, p492-496. 5p. |
| Subjects: | Collisions (Nuclear physics), Interferometers, Graphene, Single electron devices, Wave functions |
| Abstract: | The collision of two electrons at a beam splitter provides a method for studying their coherence and indistinguishability. Its realization requires the on-demand generation and synchronization of single electrons. In this work, we demonstrate the coherent collision of single electrons, generated by voltage pulses, in a graphene Mach-Zehnder interferometer. By measuring shot noise resulting from the collisions, we unveil fundamental characteristics of colliding electrons, highlighting the complementarity between the indistinguishable and distinguishable parts of their wave functions. The former is manifested through fermionic Hong-Ou-Mandel destructive interference, whereas the latter is discerned through double-winding Aharonov-Bohm interference in the noise. The interference visibilities of around 60% enable comprehensive quantum state tomography. Our findings may place coherent operations involving flying qubits within reach in graphene. Editor's summary: Electrons in solids can behave like waves, leading to the development of devices better known from optics, such as interferometers. Chakraborti et al. studied electron collisions in a graphene Mach-Zehnder interferometer. By measuring shot noise, the researchers were able to determine the degree of indistinguishability of the colliding electrons. Their findings may lead to improvements in quantum information processing using graphene devices. —Jelena Stajic [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
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| Database: | Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection |
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| Abstract: | The collision of two electrons at a beam splitter provides a method for studying their coherence and indistinguishability. Its realization requires the on-demand generation and synchronization of single electrons. In this work, we demonstrate the coherent collision of single electrons, generated by voltage pulses, in a graphene Mach-Zehnder interferometer. By measuring shot noise resulting from the collisions, we unveil fundamental characteristics of colliding electrons, highlighting the complementarity between the indistinguishable and distinguishable parts of their wave functions. The former is manifested through fermionic Hong-Ou-Mandel destructive interference, whereas the latter is discerned through double-winding Aharonov-Bohm interference in the noise. The interference visibilities of around 60% enable comprehensive quantum state tomography. Our findings may place coherent operations involving flying qubits within reach in graphene. Editor's summary: Electrons in solids can behave like waves, leading to the development of devices better known from optics, such as interferometers. Chakraborti et al. studied electron collisions in a graphene Mach-Zehnder interferometer. By measuring shot noise, the researchers were able to determine the degree of indistinguishability of the colliding electrons. Their findings may lead to improvements in quantum information processing using graphene devices. —Jelena Stajic [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
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| ISSN: | 00368075 |
| DOI: | 10.1126/science.adn4622 |
