Shear-induced bubble nucleation in magmas.
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| Title: | Shear-induced bubble nucleation in magmas. |
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| Authors: | Roche, Olivier (AUTHOR), Andanson, Jean-Michel (AUTHOR), Dequidt, Alain (AUTHOR), Huber, Christian (AUTHOR), Bachmann, Olivier (AUTHOR), Pinel, David (AUTHOR) |
| Source: | Science. 11/6/2025, Vol. 390 Issue 6773, p633-637. 5p. |
| Subjects: | Magmas, Volcanic eruptions, Shear flow, Chemistry experiments, Nucleation, Bubble dynamics |
| Abstract: | The nucleation of gas bubbles in magmas is fundamental to controlling the dynamics of volcanic eruptions. In this study, we addressed nucleation in a volatile-saturated liquid triggered by viscous shear, which is ubiquitous in volcanic environments. By combining laboratory experiments, theoretical analysis, and numerical simulations, we investigated the conditions under which the mechanical energy associated with shearing favors the formation and growth of gas molecule nuclei in a liquid supersaturated with volatiles. Our results reveal that the critical shear stress for nucleation decreases as the volatile supersaturation increases. Dimensional analysis applied to natural systems shows that shear-induced nucleation is likely to occur in volcanic conduits, which has implications for magma degassing processes and eruptive styles. Editor's summary: Volcanoes are ruled by bubbles, which give magma the buoyancy and compressibility needed to erupt. In magma, the nucleation of bubbles is difficult to observe but is thought to be triggered by decompression and crystallization. Roche et al. wondered if a more kinetic process might be at play: viscous shear. In a series of experiments with a carbon dioxide–supersaturated magma–liquid analog, the authors applied rotation to the liquid and observed bubble nucleation and growth through a transparent shaft. Simulations and dimensional analysis indicated that shear-induced bubble nucleation in volcano conduits is likely to factor into decompression estimates and eruptive style. —Angela Hessler [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
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| Database: | Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection |
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| Abstract: | The nucleation of gas bubbles in magmas is fundamental to controlling the dynamics of volcanic eruptions. In this study, we addressed nucleation in a volatile-saturated liquid triggered by viscous shear, which is ubiquitous in volcanic environments. By combining laboratory experiments, theoretical analysis, and numerical simulations, we investigated the conditions under which the mechanical energy associated with shearing favors the formation and growth of gas molecule nuclei in a liquid supersaturated with volatiles. Our results reveal that the critical shear stress for nucleation decreases as the volatile supersaturation increases. Dimensional analysis applied to natural systems shows that shear-induced nucleation is likely to occur in volcanic conduits, which has implications for magma degassing processes and eruptive styles. Editor's summary: Volcanoes are ruled by bubbles, which give magma the buoyancy and compressibility needed to erupt. In magma, the nucleation of bubbles is difficult to observe but is thought to be triggered by decompression and crystallization. Roche et al. wondered if a more kinetic process might be at play: viscous shear. In a series of experiments with a carbon dioxide–supersaturated magma–liquid analog, the authors applied rotation to the liquid and observed bubble nucleation and growth through a transparent shaft. Simulations and dimensional analysis indicated that shear-induced bubble nucleation in volcano conduits is likely to factor into decompression estimates and eruptive style. —Angela Hessler [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
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| ISSN: | 00368075 |
| DOI: | 10.1126/science.adw8543 |
