Recruitment of bifunctional regulator thermospermine to methylated ribosomes directs xylem fate.
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| Title: | Recruitment of bifunctional regulator thermospermine to methylated ribosomes directs xylem fate. |
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| Authors: | Ko, Donghwi (AUTHOR), Ruonala, Raili (AUTHOR), Faille, Alexandre (AUTHOR), Hellmann, Eva (AUTHOR), Help, Hanna (AUTHOR), Liu, Huili (AUTHOR), Nielsen, Ronni (AUTHOR), Haakonsson, Anders (AUTHOR), De Diego, Nuria (AUTHOR), Paatero, Anja (AUTHOR), Shcherbii, Mariia V. (AUTHOR), Stefanowicz, Karolina (AUTHOR), Ćavar Zeljković, Sanja (AUTHOR), Drud Lundager Rasmussen, Tine (AUTHOR), Novak, Ondrej (AUTHOR), Bodi, Zsuzsanna (AUTHOR), Eswaran, Gugan (AUTHOR), Wybouw, Brecht (AUTHOR), Bourdon, Matthieu (AUTHOR), Urbez, Cristina (AUTHOR) |
| Source: | Science. 2/12/2026, Vol. 391 Issue 6786, p694-699. 6p. |
| Subjects: | RNA methylation, Xylem, Polyamines, Cell differentiation, Arabidopsis, Peptide bonds, Protein synthesis |
| Abstract: | Polyamines are often associated with ribosomes and are thought to stabilize their integrity. In Arabidopsis, the polyamine thermospermine (tSpm) affects xylem cell fate. tSpm induces translation of SUPPRESSOR-OF-ACAULIS51 (SAC51) and SAC51-LIKEs (SACLs), which inhibit heterodimerization of the xylem development proteins LONESOME-HIGHWAY (LHW) and TARGET-OF-MONOPTEROS5. Here, we report a methyltransferase, OVERACHIEVER, that methylates the peptidyl transferase center of the 25S ribosomal RNA (rRNA). Residue m3U2952 promotes functional tSpm binding to a specific site connecting the P-site transfer RNA (tRNA) with rRNA residues in the peptidyl transferase center. This interaction enhances the translation of SACLs but inhibits that of LHW. Our study uncovers the dependency between a conserved rRNA base methylation and a polyamine in orchestrating cell fate decisions, highlighting a role for the ribosome chemical landscape in translational regulation. Editor's summary: Within ribosomes, the peptidyl transferase center is responsible for forming peptide bonds between amino acids during protein synthesis. Ko et al. established a link between methylation of the peptidyl transferase center of RNA and plant vascular development. Methylation encourages binding of a polyamine called thermospermine, and together, these ribosome characteristics both increase and decrease the translation rate of different classes of xylem development proteins. This work gives insight into how ribosome methylation affects plant cell fate. —Madeleine Seale [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
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| Database: | Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection |
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| Abstract: | Polyamines are often associated with ribosomes and are thought to stabilize their integrity. In Arabidopsis, the polyamine thermospermine (tSpm) affects xylem cell fate. tSpm induces translation of SUPPRESSOR-OF-ACAULIS51 (SAC51) and SAC51-LIKEs (SACLs), which inhibit heterodimerization of the xylem development proteins LONESOME-HIGHWAY (LHW) and TARGET-OF-MONOPTEROS5. Here, we report a methyltransferase, OVERACHIEVER, that methylates the peptidyl transferase center of the 25S ribosomal RNA (rRNA). Residue m3U2952 promotes functional tSpm binding to a specific site connecting the P-site transfer RNA (tRNA) with rRNA residues in the peptidyl transferase center. This interaction enhances the translation of SACLs but inhibits that of LHW. Our study uncovers the dependency between a conserved rRNA base methylation and a polyamine in orchestrating cell fate decisions, highlighting a role for the ribosome chemical landscape in translational regulation. Editor's summary: Within ribosomes, the peptidyl transferase center is responsible for forming peptide bonds between amino acids during protein synthesis. Ko et al. established a link between methylation of the peptidyl transferase center of RNA and plant vascular development. Methylation encourages binding of a polyamine called thermospermine, and together, these ribosome characteristics both increase and decrease the translation rate of different classes of xylem development proteins. This work gives insight into how ribosome methylation affects plant cell fate. —Madeleine Seale [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
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| ISSN: | 00368075 |
| DOI: | 10.1126/science.adx2867 |
