Contextual Triggers and Tic Severity Across Life Periods: A Retrospective Analysis in Adults with Tic Disorders.
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| Title: | Contextual Triggers and Tic Severity Across Life Periods: A Retrospective Analysis in Adults with Tic Disorders. |
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| Authors: | Barber, Kathryn E. (AUTHOR), Ding, Qiang (AUTHOR), Espil, Flint M. (AUTHOR), Woods, Douglas W. (AUTHOR), Specht, Matthew W. (AUTHOR), Bennett, Shannon M. (AUTHOR), Stiede, Jordan T. (AUTHOR), Walkup, John T. (AUTHOR), Ricketts, Emily J. (AUTHOR), McGuire, Joseph F. (AUTHOR), Peterson, Alan L. (AUTHOR), Compton, Scott N. (AUTHOR), Wilhelm, Sabine (AUTHOR), Scahill, Lawrence (AUTHOR), Piacentini, John C. (AUTHOR) |
| Source: | Child Psychiatry & Human Development. Jun2026, Vol. 57 Issue 3, p659-668. 10p. |
| Subjects: | Tic disorders, Life spans, Prompts (Psychology), Retrospective studies, Psychological stress |
| Abstract: | In tic disorders (TD), tic expression varies across the lifespan and as a function of contextual factors. This study explored connections between tic expression and contextual triggers across life periods in 74 adults (Mage = 23.2) with TDs. The Tic History and Coping Strategies form assessed retrospective self-reports of contextual antecedents, consequences, and tic severity during four life periods (middle school; 9th/10th grade; 11th/12th grade; college/work) and past month. Tics reportedly worsened during and after school in school-aged years and worsened in the evening during college/work years. Stress and anxiety were reported to consistently trigger tics across time. The impact of activities, places, and emotions did not differ across life periods. Attention-based consequences, most prevalent during middle school, were more common than escape- or avoidance-related consequences across all periods. Findings illuminate how contextual factors may influence tics across life periods and underscore the consistent impact of tic-triggering emotions and attention-related consequences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
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| Database: | Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection |
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| Abstract: | In tic disorders (TD), tic expression varies across the lifespan and as a function of contextual factors. This study explored connections between tic expression and contextual triggers across life periods in 74 adults (Mage = 23.2) with TDs. The Tic History and Coping Strategies form assessed retrospective self-reports of contextual antecedents, consequences, and tic severity during four life periods (middle school; 9th/10th grade; 11th/12th grade; college/work) and past month. Tics reportedly worsened during and after school in school-aged years and worsened in the evening during college/work years. Stress and anxiety were reported to consistently trigger tics across time. The impact of activities, places, and emotions did not differ across life periods. Attention-based consequences, most prevalent during middle school, were more common than escape- or avoidance-related consequences across all periods. Findings illuminate how contextual factors may influence tics across life periods and underscore the consistent impact of tic-triggering emotions and attention-related consequences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
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| ISSN: | 0009398X |
| DOI: | 10.1007/s10578-024-01733-y |
