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Latent Profiles of Executive Functioning Predict Adolescent Styles of Social Information Processing.

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Bibliographic Details
Title: Latent Profiles of Executive Functioning Predict Adolescent Styles of Social Information Processing.
Authors: Brandt, Ariadne (AUTHOR), Bondü, Rebecca (AUTHOR), Elsner, Birgit (AUTHOR)
Source: Journal of Cognition & Development. 2026, Vol. 27 Issue 3, p425-451. 27p.
Subjects: Executive function, Social perception, Behavioral assessment, Latent class analysis (Statistics), Aggression (Psychology), Decision making, Adolescence, Theory of mind
Abstract: Social information processing (SIP) describes a cycle of cognitive/behavioral steps required to evaluate and respond in social situations. SIP, along with executive functioning (EF) and theory of mind (ToM), gain increasing importance during adolescence, when the quantity and complexity of peer, familial, and romantic relationships increase. The present person-oriented, longitudinal study investigated the predictive power of four latent profiles consisting of five behavioral measures for cool and hot EF facets in early adolescence (T1; ages 9–13 years) for four self-reported styles of SIP (assertive, passive, overtly aggressive, relationally aggressive) approximately 8 years later (T2; ages 16–21 years) in a socio-economically diverse German community cohort (N = 1,531 at T1, 51% female). Via structural equation modeling, including sex as a grouping variable, T2 SIP styles were regressed onto T1 EF profiles and T1 affective and cognitive ToM. Results indicated that T1 cognitive ToM predicted less assertive and more relationally aggressive T2 SIP for female participants. Further, belonging to the high-hot EF profile characterized by average cool EF paired with regulated decision-making and good delay of gratification at T1 predicted more positive evaluations of an assertive SIP style for females and a passive SIP style for males at T2. The T1 EF profiles did not predict either overtly or relationally aggressive SIP styles. Results suggest that above-average hot EF abilities (i.e., decision-making, delay of gratification) may encourage more favorable SIP styles in ambiguous and provocative social situations, allowing adolescents to evaluate potential social reactions in a beneficial, rather than aggressive, way. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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Database: Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection
Description
Abstract:Social information processing (SIP) describes a cycle of cognitive/behavioral steps required to evaluate and respond in social situations. SIP, along with executive functioning (EF) and theory of mind (ToM), gain increasing importance during adolescence, when the quantity and complexity of peer, familial, and romantic relationships increase. The present person-oriented, longitudinal study investigated the predictive power of four latent profiles consisting of five behavioral measures for cool and hot EF facets in early adolescence (T1; ages 9–13 years) for four self-reported styles of SIP (assertive, passive, overtly aggressive, relationally aggressive) approximately 8 years later (T2; ages 16–21 years) in a socio-economically diverse German community cohort (N = 1,531 at T1, 51% female). Via structural equation modeling, including sex as a grouping variable, T2 SIP styles were regressed onto T1 EF profiles and T1 affective and cognitive ToM. Results indicated that T1 cognitive ToM predicted less assertive and more relationally aggressive T2 SIP for female participants. Further, belonging to the high-hot EF profile characterized by average cool EF paired with regulated decision-making and good delay of gratification at T1 predicted more positive evaluations of an assertive SIP style for females and a passive SIP style for males at T2. The T1 EF profiles did not predict either overtly or relationally aggressive SIP styles. Results suggest that above-average hot EF abilities (i.e., decision-making, delay of gratification) may encourage more favorable SIP styles in ambiguous and provocative social situations, allowing adolescents to evaluate potential social reactions in a beneficial, rather than aggressive, way. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
ISSN:15248372
DOI:10.1080/15248372.2025.2566071