Observation of disorder-free localization using a (2+1)D lattice gauge theory on a quantum processor.
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| Title: | Observation of disorder-free localization using a (2+1)D lattice gauge theory on a quantum processor. |
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| Authors: | Gyawali, G. (AUTHOR), Kumar, S. (AUTHOR), Lensky, Y. D. (AUTHOR), Rosenberg, E. (AUTHOR), Szasz, A. (AUTHOR), Cochran, T. (AUTHOR), Chen, R. (AUTHOR), Karamlou, A. H. (AUTHOR), Yosri, N. (AUTHOR), Meeks, S. (AUTHOR), Kechedzhi, K. (AUTHOR), Berndtsson, J. (AUTHOR), Westerhout, T. (AUTHOR), Asfaw, A. (AUTHOR), Abanin, D. (AUTHOR), Acharya, R. (AUTHOR), Aghababaie Beni, L. (AUTHOR), Andersen, T. I. (AUTHOR), Ansmann, M. (AUTHOR), Arute, F. (AUTHOR) |
| Source: | Science. 7/2/2026, Vol. 393 Issue 6806, p71-75. 5p. |
| Subjects: | Lattice gauge theories, Quantum superposition, Quantum computing, Entropy (Information theory), Quantum computers |
| Abstract: | Disorder-induced phenomena in quantum many-body systems pose a challenge for analytical and numerical approaches at relevant time and system scales. To reduce the cost of disorder sampling, we investigated quantum circuits initialized in states that form tunable superpositions over all disorder configurations, which in lattice gauge theories can be interpreted as superpositions over gauge sectors. On the experimentally accessible timescales, we observed localization in the absence of disorder in one and two dimensions: Perturbations failed to diffuse despite fully disorder-free evolution and initial states. However, entropy measurements revealed that superposition-prepared states fundamentally differ from those obtained by direct disorder sampling. Leveraging superposition, we propose an algorithm with a polynomial speedup in sampling disorder configurations, a long-standing challenge in many-body localization studies. Editor's summary: After a perturbation, most many-body systems eventually settle into an equilibrium thermal state. One way to prevent this is to introduce disorder, resulting in the localization of excitations. Google Quantum AI and Collaborators set out to address the question of whether such localization can be achieved without disorder. Using a superconducting quantum processor, the researchers studied the evolution of the lattice gauge theory Hamiltonian in both one and two spatial dimensions. For certain initial states, excitations remained localized although no disorder had been introduced. —Jelena Stajic [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
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| Database: | Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection |
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| Abstract: | Disorder-induced phenomena in quantum many-body systems pose a challenge for analytical and numerical approaches at relevant time and system scales. To reduce the cost of disorder sampling, we investigated quantum circuits initialized in states that form tunable superpositions over all disorder configurations, which in lattice gauge theories can be interpreted as superpositions over gauge sectors. On the experimentally accessible timescales, we observed localization in the absence of disorder in one and two dimensions: Perturbations failed to diffuse despite fully disorder-free evolution and initial states. However, entropy measurements revealed that superposition-prepared states fundamentally differ from those obtained by direct disorder sampling. Leveraging superposition, we propose an algorithm with a polynomial speedup in sampling disorder configurations, a long-standing challenge in many-body localization studies. Editor's summary: After a perturbation, most many-body systems eventually settle into an equilibrium thermal state. One way to prevent this is to introduce disorder, resulting in the localization of excitations. Google Quantum AI and Collaborators set out to address the question of whether such localization can be achieved without disorder. Using a superconducting quantum processor, the researchers studied the evolution of the lattice gauge theory Hamiltonian in both one and two spatial dimensions. For certain initial states, excitations remained localized although no disorder had been introduced. —Jelena Stajic [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
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| ISSN: | 00368075 |
| DOI: | 10.1126/science.adr9680 |
