Indium-free perovskite/silicon tandem solar cells with tin oxide recombination layer and electrodes.
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| Title: | Indium-free perovskite/silicon tandem solar cells with tin oxide recombination layer and electrodes. |
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| Authors: | Shi, Wei (AUTHOR), Wang, Shibo (AUTHOR), Wang, Shumao (AUTHOR), Zhang, Yue (AUTHOR), Ren, Xiaoqiong (AUTHOR), Yu, Cao (AUTHOR), Niu, Xinya (AUTHOR), Gao, Bo (AUTHOR), Yang, Liu (AUTHOR), Yang, Bowen (AUTHOR), Li, Wenhao (AUTHOR), Sun, Xinyao (AUTHOR), Yu, Jianwei (AUTHOR), Zhu, Jun (AUTHOR), Zhou, Shengxing (AUTHOR), Chen, Yihua (AUTHOR), Cao, Fengxian (AUTHOR), Gao, Kun (AUTHOR), Wang, Chang (AUTHOR), Chen, Xi (AUTHOR) |
| Source: | Science. 7/9/2026, Vol. 393 Issue 6807, p200-206. 7p. |
| Subjects: | Tin oxides, Electrodes, Plasma deposition, Electron-hole recombination, Silicon solar cells, Solar cell efficiency, Solar cells |
| Abstract: | Indium-based transparent conductive oxides are widely used as electrodes and recombination layers in perovskite/silicon tandem solar cells, yet their scalability is constrained by indium scarcity and sputtering-induced damage. We report high-efficiency and stable indium-free perovskite/silicon tandem solar cells enabled by reactive plasma deposited tin oxide (RPD-SnOx). For RPD-SnOx as the recombination layer, we achieved a certified efficiency of 33.6%. Fully indium-free tandems that used RPD-SnOx as both recombination layer and electrodes delivered a champion power conversion efficiency of 33.2% (1 square centimeter) and a minimodule with a certified efficiency of 31.0% (207.9 square centimeters). Dense and uniform self-assembled monolayer anchoring enabled by RPD-SnOx suppressed nonradiative recombination and reduced halide migration. Indium-free minimodules exhibited high thermal, damp-heat, and outdoor operational stability and retained 65% of their maximum initial efficiency after 105 days of outdoor operation. Editor's summary: Reactive plasma deposited tin oxide (RPD-SnO2) can be an effective replacement for scarcer indium tin oxide in perovskite/silicon tandem solar cells. Shi et al. showed that RPD-SnO2 can serve as a conducting electrode and as the recombination layer that connects two cells. Blade-coated minimodules (with an active area of about 200 square centimeters) had a certified power conversion efficiency of 31.0% and maintained 94% of that efficiency after 1000 hours of maximum power point tracking at 85°C. —Phil Szuromi [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
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| Database: | Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection |
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| Abstract: | Indium-based transparent conductive oxides are widely used as electrodes and recombination layers in perovskite/silicon tandem solar cells, yet their scalability is constrained by indium scarcity and sputtering-induced damage. We report high-efficiency and stable indium-free perovskite/silicon tandem solar cells enabled by reactive plasma deposited tin oxide (RPD-SnOx). For RPD-SnOx as the recombination layer, we achieved a certified efficiency of 33.6%. Fully indium-free tandems that used RPD-SnOx as both recombination layer and electrodes delivered a champion power conversion efficiency of 33.2% (1 square centimeter) and a minimodule with a certified efficiency of 31.0% (207.9 square centimeters). Dense and uniform self-assembled monolayer anchoring enabled by RPD-SnOx suppressed nonradiative recombination and reduced halide migration. Indium-free minimodules exhibited high thermal, damp-heat, and outdoor operational stability and retained 65% of their maximum initial efficiency after 105 days of outdoor operation. Editor's summary: Reactive plasma deposited tin oxide (RPD-SnO2) can be an effective replacement for scarcer indium tin oxide in perovskite/silicon tandem solar cells. Shi et al. showed that RPD-SnO2 can serve as a conducting electrode and as the recombination layer that connects two cells. Blade-coated minimodules (with an active area of about 200 square centimeters) had a certified power conversion efficiency of 31.0% and maintained 94% of that efficiency after 1000 hours of maximum power point tracking at 85°C. —Phil Szuromi [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
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| ISSN: | 00368075 |
| DOI: | 10.1126/science.aef5355 |
