Visual and Haptic Feedback in Multitasking Drone Operation: Effects of Task Complexity on Performance.

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Bibliographic Details
Title: Visual and Haptic Feedback in Multitasking Drone Operation: Effects of Task Complexity on Performance.
Authors: Ren, Gang (AUTHOR), Huang, Zhihuang (AUTHOR), Lin, Wenshuo (AUTHOR), Huang, Tianyang (AUTHOR), Wang, Gang (AUTHOR), Lee, Jee Hang (AUTHOR)
Source: International Journal of Human-Computer Interaction. Sep2026, Vol. 42 Issue 18, p15181-15214. 34p.
Subjects: Situational awareness, Cognitive load, Virtual reality, Vibrotactile stimulation, Computer multitasking, Drone warfare, Information design
Abstract: This research evaluated visual and haptic feedback for enhancing operator situational awareness during multitasking drone operations, investigating how task complexity influenced feedback effectiveness. Two virtual reality experiments were conducted: Study 1 assessed three types of visual feedback (Static, Blink, and Shake), while Study 2 compared visual, haptic, and visual-haptic multimodal feedback across varying task complexity levels determined by target density. Participants performed drone operation tasks requiring simultaneous obstacle avoidance and target counting. Results revealed that dynamic visual feedback (Shake) significantly improved primary task accuracy, reduced cognitive load, and was the preferred visual feedback type. Furthermore, haptic and visual-haptic feedback significantly shortened obstacle avoidance reaction times and decreased cognitive workload compared to visual feedback. Task complexity proved to be a critical factor: while visual feedback sufficed for low complexity scenarios, visual-haptic feedback offered distinct advantages in medium and high complexity tasks, providing insights for complexity-responsive drone interface design. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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Database: Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection
Description
Abstract:This research evaluated visual and haptic feedback for enhancing operator situational awareness during multitasking drone operations, investigating how task complexity influenced feedback effectiveness. Two virtual reality experiments were conducted: Study 1 assessed three types of visual feedback (Static, Blink, and Shake), while Study 2 compared visual, haptic, and visual-haptic multimodal feedback across varying task complexity levels determined by target density. Participants performed drone operation tasks requiring simultaneous obstacle avoidance and target counting. Results revealed that dynamic visual feedback (Shake) significantly improved primary task accuracy, reduced cognitive load, and was the preferred visual feedback type. Furthermore, haptic and visual-haptic feedback significantly shortened obstacle avoidance reaction times and decreased cognitive workload compared to visual feedback. Task complexity proved to be a critical factor: while visual feedback sufficed for low complexity scenarios, visual-haptic feedback offered distinct advantages in medium and high complexity tasks, providing insights for complexity-responsive drone interface design. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
ISSN:10447318
DOI:10.1080/10447318.2026.2618552