Reciprocal TH17 and Regulatory T Cell Differentiation Mediated by Retinoic Acid.

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Bibliographic Details
Title:	Reciprocal TH17 and Regulatory T Cell Differentiation Mediated by Retinoic Acid.
Authors:	Mucida, Daniel, Park, Yunji, Kim, Gisen, Turovskaya, Olga, Scott, Lain, Kronenberg, Mitchell, Cheroutre, Hilde
Source:	Science (pre-March 2025). 7/13/2007, Vol. 317 Issue 5835, p256-260. 5p. 4 Graphs.
Subjects:	Autoimmunity -- Molecular aspects, Immunogenetics, T cell differentiation, Cytokinesis, Interleukin-6, Suppressor cells, Vitamin A, Tretinoin, Gynecologic pathology
Abstract:	The cytokine transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) converts naïve T cells into regulatory T (Treg) cells that prevent autoimmunity. However, in the presence of interleukin-6 (IL-6), TGF-β has also been found to promote the differentiation of naïve T lymphocytes into proinflammatory IL-17 cytokine-producing I helper 17 (TH17) cells, which promote autoimmunity and inflammation. This raises the question of how TGF-β can generate such distinct outcomes. We identified the vitamin A metabolite retinoic acid as a key regulator of TGF-β-dependent immune responses, capable of inhibiting the IL-6-driven induction of proinflammatory TH17 cells and promoting anti- inflammatory Treg cell differentiation. These findings indicate that a common metabolite can regulate the balance between pro- and anti-inflammatory immunity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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Database:	Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection

Description
Abstract:	The cytokine transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) converts naïve T cells into regulatory T (Treg) cells that prevent autoimmunity. However, in the presence of interleukin-6 (IL-6), TGF-β has also been found to promote the differentiation of naïve T lymphocytes into proinflammatory IL-17 cytokine-producing I helper 17 (TH17) cells, which promote autoimmunity and inflammation. This raises the question of how TGF-β can generate such distinct outcomes. We identified the vitamin A metabolite retinoic acid as a key regulator of TGF-β-dependent immune responses, capable of inhibiting the IL-6-driven induction of proinflammatory TH17 cells and promoting anti- inflammatory Treg cell differentiation. These findings indicate that a common metabolite can regulate the balance between pro- and anti-inflammatory immunity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
ISSN:	00368075
DOI:	10.1126/science.1145697