Genome-wide SNP and haplotype analyses reveal a rich history underlying dog domestication.

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Bibliographic Details
Title:	Genome-wide SNP and haplotype analyses reveal a rich history underlying dog domestication.
Authors:	vonHoldt, Bridgett M., Pollinger, John P., Lohmueller, Kirk E., Han, Eunjung, Parker, Heidi G., Quignon, Pascale, Degenhardt, Jeremiah D., Boyko, Adam R., Earl, Dent A., Auton, Adam, Reynolds, Andy, Bryc, Kasia, Brisbin, Abra, Knowles, James C., Mosher, Dana S., Spady, Tyrone C., Elkahloun, Abdel, Geffen, Eli, Pilot, Malgorzata, Jedrzejewski, Wlodzimierz
Source:	Nature. 4/8/2010, Vol. 464 Issue 7290, p898-902. 5p. 1 Diagram, 1 Graph.
Subjects:	Phenotypes, Wolves, Dogs, Mitochondrial DNA, Genetic polymorphisms, Evolutionary theories, Surveys
Geographic Terms:	Middle East, Asia
Abstract:	Advances in genome technology have facilitated a new understanding of the historical and genetic processes crucial to rapid phenotypic evolution under domestication. To understand the process of dog diversification better, we conducted an extensive genome-wide survey of more than 48,000 single nucleotide polymorphisms in dogs and their wild progenitor, the grey wolf. Here we show that dog breeds share a higher proportion of multi-locus haplotypes unique to grey wolves from the Middle East, indicating that they are a dominant source of genetic diversity for dogs rather than wolves from east Asia, as suggested by mitochondrial DNA sequence data. Furthermore, we find a surprising correspondence between genetic and phenotypic/functional breed groupings but there are exceptions that suggest phenotypic diversification depended in part on the repeated crossing of individuals with novel phenotypes. Our results show that Middle Eastern wolves were a critical source of genome diversity, although interbreeding with local wolf populations clearly occurred elsewhere in the early history of specific lineages. More recently, the evolution of modern dog breeds seems to have been an iterative process that drew on a limited genetic toolkit to create remarkable phenotypic diversity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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Database:	Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection

Description
Abstract:	Advances in genome technology have facilitated a new understanding of the historical and genetic processes crucial to rapid phenotypic evolution under domestication. To understand the process of dog diversification better, we conducted an extensive genome-wide survey of more than 48,000 single nucleotide polymorphisms in dogs and their wild progenitor, the grey wolf. Here we show that dog breeds share a higher proportion of multi-locus haplotypes unique to grey wolves from the Middle East, indicating that they are a dominant source of genetic diversity for dogs rather than wolves from east Asia, as suggested by mitochondrial DNA sequence data. Furthermore, we find a surprising correspondence between genetic and phenotypic/functional breed groupings but there are exceptions that suggest phenotypic diversification depended in part on the repeated crossing of individuals with novel phenotypes. Our results show that Middle Eastern wolves were a critical source of genome diversity, although interbreeding with local wolf populations clearly occurred elsewhere in the early history of specific lineages. More recently, the evolution of modern dog breeds seems to have been an iterative process that drew on a limited genetic toolkit to create remarkable phenotypic diversity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
ISSN:	00280836
DOI:	10.1038/nature08837